CAREER: Feedbacks From Drought on the Phytochemical Landscape

职业：干旱对植物化学景观的反馈

• 批准号: 2145757
• 负责人: Elizabeth Pringle
• 金额: $ 85.81万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-01 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2145757&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Feedbacks; Drought; Phytochemical; Landscape

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The western United States is suffering from the worst drought in centuries. To predict how drought will affect the environment, the effects of drought studies must include natural variation across space in resources and in food webs. Plants produce mixtures of nutrients and toxins, and this chemistry varies genetically and with changes in the environment. Because plants use resources to form the base of food webs on land, plant chemistry can link variation in resources with variation in food webs. An understanding of how plant chemistry responds to extreme drought could help in understanding plants in these larger systems. This CAREER award will improve understanding of (a) how plant chemistry changes in response to drought at the scales of individual plants and of plant communities, and (b) the relationship of these changes to changes in plant-animal interactions and decomposition. The project is based in the Great Basin Desert on the border between Nevada and California, where extreme drought is now commonplace. The award will test the hypothesis that extreme drought reduces environmental variation, with consequences for system function. The project includes training and research participation of first generation students, outdoor science experience for grade school students, and research opportunities for community scientists in Nevada.Drought imposes acute stress on plant metabolism, which may reduce the strength of feedbacks between trophic interactions and soil carbon dynamics, simplifying ecological communities. To test this hypothesis, the award will support drought experiments on focal plant individuals and on plant communities. Using outdoor gardens of western milkweed, the research will assess how the amount and variability of water impacts plant-herbivore-predator interactions, as well as how plant tissues from different watering treatments influence decomposition and soil respiration. Using drought shelters and rainfall additions in plant communities in sagebrush ecosystems, the research will assess how drought affects plant chemistry at the plot scale, including changes in the chemistry of individuals and changes due to differential survival and recruitment in the community. These measurements will then be related to changes in arthropod communities and in soil carbon dynamics in a spatially explicit design. Plant chemistry will be assessed using untargeted metabolomics approaches that consider the composition and diversity of compounds as well as their concentrations. The complexity of plant-animal interactions will be also manipulated in the milkweed gardens using factorial combinations of herbivores and their predators to test the importance of such trophic feedbacks. The work will provide insight into the dynamics of future ecosystems in the American West and the extent to which we can predict those dynamics through an understanding of plant chemistry.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。美国西部正遭受数百年来最严重的干旱。为了预测干旱将如何影响环境，干旱影响研究必须包括资源和食物网在空间上的自然变化。植物产生营养物质和毒素的混合物，这种化学物质在遗传上和环境的变化中有所不同。由于植物利用资源形成陆地食物网的基础，植物化学可以将资源的变化与食物网的变化联系起来。了解植物化学如何对极端干旱作出反应，有助于了解这些更大系统中的植物。该职业奖将提高对以下问题的理解：（a）植物化学如何在个体植物和植物群落的尺度上对干旱做出反应，以及（B）这些变化与植物-动物相互作用和分解变化的关系。该项目位于内华达州和加州边界的大盆地沙漠，那里的极端干旱现在已经司空见惯。该奖项将测试极端干旱减少环境变化的假设，并对系统功能产生影响。该项目包括第一代学生的培训和研究参与，小学生的户外科学体验，以及内华达州社区科学家的研究机会。干旱对植物代谢施加了急性胁迫，这可能会降低营养相互作用和土壤碳动态之间的反馈强度，简化生态群落。为了验证这一假设，该奖项将支持对重点植物个体和植物群落的干旱实验。利用西部乳草的户外花园，该研究将评估水量和变化如何影响植物-食草动物-捕食者的相互作用，以及不同浇水处理的植物组织如何影响分解和土壤呼吸。利用干旱庇护所和降雨量增加的植物群落在山艾树生态系统中，研究将评估干旱如何影响植物化学在地块规模，包括化学变化的个人和变化，由于差异生存和招聘的社会。然后，这些测量将与节肢动物群落的变化和土壤碳动态在空间上明确的设计。植物化学将使用非靶向代谢组学方法进行评估，该方法考虑化合物的组成和多样性以及它们的浓度。植物-动物相互作用的复杂性也将被操纵在马利筋花园使用的食草动物和他们的捕食者的因子组合，以测试这种营养反馈的重要性。这项工作将提供深入了解未来生态系统在美国西部的动态，以及在何种程度上，我们可以预测这些动态通过了解植物化学。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Herbivores disrupt clinal variation in plant responses to water limitation

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14237
• 发表时间: 2023-12
• 期刊: Journal of Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Aramee C. Diethelm;M. Reichelt;E. G. Pringle

Clinal variations in seedling traits and responses to water availability correspond to seed-source environmental gradients in a foundational dryland tree species

幼苗性状的临床变化和对可用水量的响应与基本旱地树种的种子源环境梯度相对应

• DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad041
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Annals of Botany
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Vasey, Georgia L;Urza, Alexandra K;Chambers, Jeanne C;Pringle, Elizabeth G;Weisberg, Peter J
• 通讯作者: Weisberg, Peter J