Women’s Psychosocial and Physiological Experience of Speaking in Work Teams

女性在工作团队中发言的心理和生理体验

• 批准号: 2150929
• 负责人: Keaton Fletcher
• 金额: $ 29.98万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2150929&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Women; Psychosocial; Physiological; Experience; Speaking

On average, women are less likely than men to express their ideas, emerge as leaders, and spend time talking in work teams. This can harm women’s career advancement, pay, and contribution to the workforce. To address this issue and facilitate women’s success in the workforce, it is necessary to understand why and when women speak up in work teams. This project explores potential barriers to women speaking up in work teams including social and psychological consequences, as well the key role social anxiety may play in exacerbating these negative experiences. This project directly and positively impacts participants, their organizations, and the overall workforce by creating clear suggestions on how to facilitate women’s participation in work teams, and ultimately increase their career success. This project fosters an understanding of why women are less likely to speak up and emerge as leaders in work teams by testing potential mechanisms across two studies. Study 1 is a two-week field study of approximately 150 employed adults using experience sampling methodology, capturing daily anticipated and actual experiences with speaking in work teams as well as their psychosocial consequences. Study 2 takes a more granular focus, using an observational laboratory study in which approximately 125 teams come together for one-time meetings. During these meetings, audio and video recordings of interactions and individual heartrate variability, galvanic skin response, and respiration rate are recorded. By studying the momentary physiological changes leading up to, and following speaking in a team, this study teases apart stress processes, cognitive processing, and their resolutions. Overall, this research project evaluates the how the experience of speaking up in work teams differentially unfolds over moments and days for men versus women, and the role social anxiety plays in this process. The project addresses critical theoretical and practical questions about women’s participation in workforce leadership.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

平均而言，女性比男性更不可能表达自己的想法、成为领导者、花时间在工作团队中交谈。这可能会损害女性的职业发展、薪酬和对劳动力的贡献。为了解决这个问题并促进女性在职场中取得成功，有必要了解女性为何以及何时在工作团队中发声。该项目探讨了女性在工作团队中发言的潜在障碍，包括社会和心理后果，以及社交焦虑在加剧这些负面经历中可能发挥的关键作用。该项目通过就如何促进女性参与工作团队并最终提高她们的职业成功提出明确的建议，对参与者、其组织和整个劳动力产生直接和积极的影响。该项目通过测试两项研究的潜在机制，促进人们理解为什么女性不太可能畅所欲言并成为工作团队的领导者。研究 1 是一项为期两周的实地研究，对大约 150 名在职成年人进行了使用经验抽样方法，捕捉每天在工作团队中发言的预期和实际经验及其社会心理后果。研究 2 采用了一项观察性实验室研究，重点更细化，其中大约 125 个团队聚集在一起召开一次性会议。在这些会议期间，互动和个人心率变异性、皮肤电反应和呼吸频率的音频和视频记录都会被记录下来。通过研究在团队中发言之前和之后的瞬时生理变化，这项研究梳理了压力过程、认知过程及其解决方案。总体而言，该研究项目评估了男性和女性在工作团队中发言的体验在不同时刻和几天内的差异，以及社交焦虑在这一过程中所扮演的角色。该项目解决了有关女性参与劳动力领导力的关键理论和实践问题。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。