Collaborative Research: Advancing Thermodynamic Modeling of Open Magmatic Systems - Translithosphere Magma Chamber Simulator

合作研究：推进开放岩浆系统的热力学建模 - 跨岩石圈岩浆室模拟器

• 批准号: 2151038
• 负责人: Wendy Bohrson
• 金额: $ 48.05万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2151038&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Advancing; Thermodynamic; Modeling

Magma (molten rock) typically forms between 75 and 150 km below Earth’s surface (in the Earth’s mantle) and either stalls and cools in the upper 35-50 km (the Earth’s crust) or erupts to form a volcano. Understanding how magmas change physically and chemically informs an array of societally important topics from how, when, and where a volcano might erupt to the formation of economically important resources. These changes are documented by a computer tool called the Magma Chamber Simulator that was developed by the Principal Investigators. Funding provided by this grant for advancements to the Magma Chamber Simulator will enhance geologists’ ability to address a range of questions, such as where magmas form and cool in the Earth’s interior, how magmas evolve from Hawaiian-like to Yellowstone-like compositions, and what magma gas content might be, which potentially controls the explosivity that might occur, with obvious societal implications. This information provides data for volcanologists to better predict volcanic eruptions and assess the volcanic hazards that impact the health, safety, and livelihood of millions of people. Changes to the Magma Chamber Simulator involve adding additional mathematical approaches to how magmas change, updating and verifying a complex computer code, and running computer models on particular groups of volcanic rocks to address typical questions. The Magma Chamber Simulator is a free computer modeling tool that is available to anyone and thus provides capability for beginning students to experienced professionals to learn about how magmas change as they move from inside the Earth to the surface. Funding will provide opportunities for students and early career professionals to learn about computer modeling and the benefits it provides for advancing scientific understanding of a range of geologic topics. Training activities, from beginning to advanced level, will be provided both online and in person. Funding will also support advanced educational training for diverse students who will enter the earth science work force, which in the coming decades is key to addressing solutions to many of the hazard and resource challenges humans face. This funding will support substantial advances the petrologic community’s capability to model open system magma evolution for translithosphere magma systems by adding significant keystone functionality to the publicly available tool, the Magma Chamber Simulator (MCS). The new tool, called Translithosphere Magma Chamber Simulator (TL-MCS) utilizes the capabilities of MCS, a thermodynamic model that quantifies the evolution of an open system where magma, wallrock, and recharge/stoping/entrainment reservoirs exchange matter and energy. MCS models simultaneous crustal contamination, magma recharge, cumulate/mush entrainment, and fractional crystallization. Five new capabilities to TL-MCS include: (i) transport of a fluid phase from wallrock to magma; (ii) radiogenic isotopic disequilibrium during wallrock melting; (iii) equilibrium crystallization of resident magma; (iv) reaction of earlier formed crystals and resident magma; and (v) translithosphere modeling functionality (i.e., polybaric, polybaric-isobaric modeling capability). New post-processing capabilities will enhance and accelerate interpretation of results of TL-MCS models; Jupyter notebooks (using Python) will include (i) user-friendly statistical techniques that inform the choice of ‘best fit’ models, and (ii) new algorithms for efficient data archiving and user ‘on-demand’ plotting. Widespread distribution and use of TL-MCS are top priorities. Funding will support strategies for sharing TL-MCS and training users that include continuous updates to the MCS website, online and in person workshops, and online tutorials offered in English and Spanish. Because TL-MCS has complex functionality, additional training for advanced users will focus on effective and efficient modeling strategies and include publication of a roadmap of effective modeling practices. Application of TL-MCS to igneous localities worldwide will enable diverse researchers to explore the open system translithosphere evolution of these systems. Funding for diverse students and post-doctoral researchers will support their scientific and professional development and position them to join the earth science workforce as highly trained computer modelers. Opportunities will include designing and executing research projects and tutorials, writing proposals, leadership roles in workshops and tutorial development, oral presentations, peer-reviewed publications, and development of professional networks. Finally, increased opportunity for engagement in open system processes research will be available via an online world-wide open system magma processes working group that the funded scientists will initiate and manage.This project is co-funded by a collaboration between the Directorate for Geosciences and Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure to support AI/ML and open science activities in the geosciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

岩浆（熔融岩石）通常形成于地表以下75至150公里处（地幔），要么在地表以下35至50公里处（地壳）停止并冷却，要么喷发形成火山。了解岩浆如何在物理和化学上发生变化，可以为一系列重要的社会问题提供信息，从火山如何、何时、何地喷发到重要经济资源的形成。这些变化是由一个叫做岩浆室模拟器的计算机工具记录下来的，这个工具是由主要研究人员开发的。这笔资金将用于岩浆室模拟器的发展，这将增强地质学家解决一系列问题的能力，例如岩浆在地球内部形成和冷却的地方，岩浆如何从类似夏威夷的成分演变成类似黄石的成分，岩浆气体含量可能是什么，它可能控制可能发生的爆炸性，具有明显的社会意义。这些信息为火山学家更好地预测火山爆发和评估影响数百万人健康、安全和生计的火山灾害提供了数据。岩浆室模拟器的变化包括增加额外的数学方法来研究岩浆如何变化，更新和验证复杂的计算机代码，以及在特定的火山岩组上运行计算机模型来解决典型问题。岩浆室模拟器是一个免费的计算机建模工具，任何人都可以使用，因此为初学者和经验丰富的专业人士提供了学习岩浆从地球内部移动到地表时如何变化的能力。资金将为学生和早期职业专业人员提供学习计算机建模的机会，以及它为促进对一系列地质主题的科学理解所带来的好处。培训活动，从初级到高级水平，将提供在线和亲自。资金还将支持为将来进入地球科学工作队伍的不同学生提供高级教育培训，这在未来几十年是解决人类面临的许多危害和资源挑战的关键。这笔资金将通过为公开可用的工具——岩浆室模拟器（magma Chamber Simulator， MCS）增加重要的基石功能，支持岩石学界为跨岩石圈岩浆系统建模开放系统岩浆演化的能力取得实质性进展。新工具被称为跨岩石圈岩浆室模拟器（TL-MCS），它利用了MCS的能力，MCS是一种热力学模型，可以量化岩浆、围岩和补给/回采/夹带储层交换物质和能量的开放系统的演化。MCS模拟同时发生的地壳污染、岩浆补给、堆积/泥状夹带和分离结晶。TL-MCS的五项新功能包括：(i)将流体相从岩壁输送到岩浆；（ii）岩壁熔融过程中的放射性成因同位素不平衡；（iii）常驻岩浆的平衡结晶；（iv）早期形成的结晶与常驻岩浆的反应；(v)跨岩石圈建模功能（即多压、多压-等压建模能力）。新的后处理能力将增强和加速TL-MCS模型结果的解释；Jupyter笔记本（使用Python）将包括(i)用户友好的统计技术，告知选择“最适合”的模型，以及（ii）高效数据存档和用户“按需”绘图的新算法。广泛分发和使用TL-MCS是当务之急。资金将用于支持共享TL-MCS和培训用户的战略，包括持续更新MCS网站、在线和面对面研讨会以及以英语和西班牙语提供的在线教程。由于TL-MCS具有复杂的功能，对高级用户的额外培训将侧重于有效和高效的建模策略，并包括发布有效建模实践的路线图。TL-MCS在全球火成岩地区的应用将使不同的研究人员能够探索这些系统的开放系统跨岩石圈演化。为各类学生和博士后研究人员提供的资金将支持他们的科学和专业发展，并使他们成为训练有素的计算机建模师，加入地球科学队伍。机会将包括设计和执行研究项目和教程，撰写提案，在研讨会和教程开发中担任领导角色，口头报告，同行评审出版物以及发展专业网络。最后，增加参与开放系统过程研究的机会将通过一个由资助的科学家发起和管理的在线全球开放系统岩浆过程工作组提供。该项目由地球科学理事会和先进网络基础设施办公室共同资助，以支持地球科学领域的人工智能/机器学习和开放科学活动。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。