Collaborative Research: SBP: Scientific topics and careers at the intersection: an algorithmic approach

合作研究：SBP：交叉点上的科学主题和职业：算法方法

• 批准号: 2152303
• 负责人: Cassidy Sugimoto
• 金额: $ 21.9万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2152303&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SBP; Scientific; topics

The goal of this project is to investigate the direct harms to science wrought by structural racism and the benefits derived by the inclusion of people of color and other historically marginalized groups in the scientific workforce. Specifically, this work seeks to (a) quantify the participation of people of color and members of historically marginalized populations in the production of science, (b) elucidate their role in propelling intellectual innovations, and (c) understand how the distribution of labor and composition of scientific teams creates barriers and pathways to their scientific success. The project will support the mission of open science, by making the algorithms and publications openly available to propel this area of research. Finally, the PI team will recruit a cohort of a dozen student Fellows from a variety of disciplines and countries to discuss the ways in which they incorporate their lived experiences into research design and the challenges and barriers to this process. Priority will be given to doctoral students of color, or who identify as a member of a historically marginalized population within their country of affiliation. The goal of the fellowship is to empower students to navigate academic spaces by suggesting new topical directions with advisors, to cultivate change in terms of how authors are distributed in scientific publications, and to examine what and how science is conducted. Our research aims to empirically examine the degree to which diversity in the scientific workforce creates a more innovative and robust scientific system. The research has strong implications for all sectors of society.This research builds upon previous quantitative analyses to construct more robust and equitable algorithms that take into consideration contextual factors that influence the performance of the algorithm. To address our primary aim we use articles’ abstract, title, and keywords to train a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model to infer the topics within a corpus of papers and the distribution of topics within each article. Data sources include millions of articles and distinct authors indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. To address our primary aim we will use articles’ abstract, title, and keywords to train a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model and to extend our work on intersecting race, ethnicity, and gender inequalities in the US research landscape to citation and collaboration patterns, the role of institutional affiliation and changes over time; infer the topics within a corpus of papers, and the distribution of topics within each article. Our second aim is to determine if variation by race, ethnicity and gender identified in the US context translates to other national contexts. To address this second aim we will replicate and expand our methodology to two other scientifically productive, diverse societies. Comparison across all three nation states will allow for the identification of potentially generalizable characteristics, mechanisms that can be used to improve equity in science across the globe, and knowledge of how topicality of research in different countries is affected by the racial composition of teams. This research will provide a scalable methodological contribution that extends beyond the confines of this single research project and will allow other researchers to analyze race, ethnicity, and gender in any dataset that includes individual names.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的目标是调查结构性种族主义对科学造成的直接伤害，以及将有色人种和其他历史上被边缘化的群体纳入科学队伍所带来的好处。具体地说，这项工作旨在(A)量化有色人种和历史上处于边缘地位的人群在科学生产中的参与，(B)阐明他们在推动智力创新方面的作用，以及(C)了解劳动力分配和科学团队的组成如何为他们的科学成功创造障碍和途径。该项目将通过公开提供算法和出版物来支持开放科学的使命，以推动这一领域的研究。最后，PI团队将招募来自不同学科和国家的十几名学生研究员，讨论他们将生活经验融入研究设计的方式，以及这一过程中的挑战和障碍。将优先考虑有色人种博士生，或者在他们所属的国家内认为自己是历史上被边缘化的人口的一员。该奖学金的目标是使学生能够通过与顾问一起建议新的主题方向来驾驭学术空间，培养作者在科学出版物中的分布方式方面的变化，并检查科学是如何进行的。我们的研究旨在经验性地检验科学劳动力的多样性在多大程度上创造了一个更具创新性和更强大的科学体系。这项研究对社会各阶层都有很强的影响。这项研究建立在以前的量化分析的基础上，以构建更健壮和公平的算法，这些算法考虑了影响算法性能的上下文因素。为了达到我们的主要目标，我们使用文章的摘要、标题和关键字来训练潜在的Dirichlet分配(LDA)模型，以推断论文语料库中的主题和每篇文章中的主题分布。数据来源包括在科学网(WOS)数据库中索引的数百万篇文章和不同的作者。为了解决我们的主要目标，我们将使用文章的摘要、标题和关键字来训练潜在的Dirichlet分配(LDA)模型，并将我们在美国研究领域中交叉种族、族裔和性别不平等的工作扩展到引用和合作模式、机构从属关系的作用和随时间的变化；推断论文语料库中的主题，以及每篇文章中的主题分布。我们的第二个目标是确定在美国背景下确定的种族、民族和性别的差异是否会转化为其他国家的背景。为了实现这第二个目标，我们将把我们的方法复制并扩展到另外两个具有科学生产力的、多样化的社会。通过对所有三个国家的比较，可以确定潜在的普遍特征，可以用来改善全球科学公平的机制，以及不同国家的研究主题如何受到团队种族组成的影响的知识。这项研究将提供一个可扩展的方法论贡献，超越这个单一研究项目的范围，并将允许其他研究人员在任何包括个人姓名的数据集中分析种族、民族和性别。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。