Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Medium: A Networking Perspective of Blockchain Security: Modeling, Analysis, and Defense

协作研究：SaTC：核心：媒介：区块链安全的网络视角：建模、分析和防御

• 批准号: 2154929
• 负责人: Wenjing Lou
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2154929&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SaTC; CORE; Medium

Blockchain has emerged as a "secure by design" technology that can provide security among a group of mutually distrustful nodes without relying on a trusted central authority. The fundamental security of the blockchain is based on distributed consensus, which assumes the system is secure as long as a certain threshold amount (greater than half) of the whole network's computing (or voting) power is honest. However, in reality, many factors can effectively change this threshold, significantly impairing blockchain security. This project aims to address these fundamental security challenges in blockchain technology by developing new theories and systems to gain a deeper understanding and guide the development of new defense solutions. The project team will investigate how clustered power in large mining pools, heterogeneous network connectivity, and malicious peer-to-peer network link manipulation can impact fundamental blockchain security. The external data feed is another fundamental security challenge towards the broader application of blockchain technology. Therefore, another goal of the project is to address the data truthfulness challenge, where external Byzantine sources may supply false inputs to the blockchain applications. The research activities of this project focus on three main thrusts. First, the team will examine the fundamental security properties of blockchain through the lens of modeling and analysis of consensus protocols, network connectivity, and other factors in the system, with the goal of providing quantifiable insights on fairness, liveness, and safety of blockchain operation. Second, the will investigate the use of trusted computing to enable remotely attestable policy-driven software-defined networks for defense and mitigation of routing-based attacks on blockchain. Third, the team will design a novel trustworthy data feed mechanism that leverages decentralized truth discovery and off-chain efficient agreement to address the long-standing data truthfulness challenge for blockchain applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

区块链已经成为一种“设计安全”的技术，可以在一组相互不信任的节点之间提供安全性，而不依赖于受信任的中央机构。区块链的基本安全性是基于分布式共识，它假设只要整个网络的计算（或投票）能力的一定阈值（大于一半）是诚实的，系统就是安全的。然而，在现实中，许多因素可以有效地改变这个阈值，从而大大削弱区块链的安全性。该项目旨在通过开发新的理论和系统来解决区块链技术中的这些基本安全挑战，以获得更深入的理解并指导新防御解决方案的开发。项目团队将调查大型矿池中的集群能力、异构网络连接和恶意对等网络链接操纵如何影响区块链的基本安全性。外部数据馈送是区块链技术更广泛应用的另一个基本安全挑战。因此，该项目的另一个目标是解决数据真实性的挑战，其中外部拜占庭来源可能会向区块链应用程序提供错误的输入。该项目的研究活动侧重于三个主要方面。首先，该团队将通过对系统中的共识协议、网络连接和其他因素进行建模和分析的透镜，研究区块链的基本安全属性，目标是为区块链操作的公平性、活跃性和安全性提供可量化的见解。其次，将研究使用可信计算来实现可远程证明的策略驱动的软件定义网络，以防御和缓解区块链上基于路由的攻击。第三，该团队将设计一种新型的可信数据馈送机制，利用去中心化的真相发现和链下高效的协议，解决区块链应用长期存在的数据真实性挑战。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

A Decentralized Truth Discovery Approach to the Blockchain Oracle Problem

• DOI: 10.1109/infocom53939.2023.10229019
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: IEEE INFOCOM 2023 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications
• 作者: Yang Xiao;Ning Zhang;W. Lou;Y. T. Hou

BD-SAS: Enabling Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in Low-Trust Environment

• DOI: 10.1109/tccn.2023.3270440
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Yang Xiao;Shanghao Shi;W. Lou;Chonggang Wang;Xu Li;Ning Zhang;Y. T. Hou;Jeffrey H. Reed

MS-PTP: Protecting Network Timing from Byzantine Attacks

MS-PTP：保护网络时序免受拜占庭攻击

• DOI: 10.1145/3558482.3590184
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: WiSec '23: Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks
• 作者: Shi, Shanghao;Xiao, Yang;Du, Changlai;Shahriar, Md Hasan;Li, Ao;Zhang, Ning;Hou, Y. Thomas;Lou, Wenjing
• 通讯作者: Lou, Wenjing