Collaborative Research: Charting the Supernova-Gas-Stars Connection via a Major New VLA Survey of the Local Group

合作研究：通过对当地群进行的一项重大的新 VLA 巡天绘制超新星-气体-恒星的联系

• 批准号: 2205631
• 负责人: Laura Chomiuk
• 金额: $ 32.23万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2205631&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Charting; Supernova; Gas

Stars form from interstellar gas. In present-day galaxies, most of that interstellar gas is atomic gas, called HI gas. Despite decades of study, major mysteries still surround the interaction of HI, supernova explosions, and massive young stars. The investigators are conducting a major new survey using the NSF's Very Large Array (VLA). They are using the VLA to better measure the structure of HI and radio emission from the nearby galaxies. The investigators will answer a series of key questions about galaxies’ stellar life cycles. The investigators study how ``stellar nurseries'' of cold, opaque gas form. At the end of the short lives of massive stars, supernova explosions shape the gas in galaxies, and the investigators will measure the resulting the interstellar turbulence seen in galaxies. The research program will have a broad societal impact through planetariums shows, a citizen science project, and a suite of hands-on tutorials aimed at students at the middle school, high school, and college levels.This proposal will address these questions by supporting the observation, processing, and scientific analysis of the Local Group L-Band Survey (LGLBS): a major new Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) survey of the Local Group of galaxies. This survey uses 1,800 hours of VLA time to observe the six northern Local Group star-forming galaxies, including Andromeda, with an unprecedented combination of spatial resolution, spectral resolution, bandwidth, and sensitivity. LGLBS simultaneously covers the 21-cm line, which traces HI, and the 1--2 GHz radio continuum emission, which traces past SN explosions and warm gas around massive stars. These are the only galaxies close enough that the VLA can resolve the interactions between the interstellar medium (ISM), star formation, and stellar feedback.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

恒星由星际气体形成。在今天的星系中，大多数星际气体是原子气体，称为HI气体。尽管经过数十年的研究，HI、超新星爆炸和大质量年轻恒星之间的相互作用仍然是主要的谜团。研究人员正在使用NSF的超大阵列（VLA）进行一项重大的新调查。他们正在使用VLA来更好地测量HI的结构和附近星系的无线电发射。研究人员将回答一系列关于星系恒星生命周期的关键问题。研究人员研究了寒冷、不透明气体的“恒星托儿所”是如何形成的。 在大质量恒星短暂的生命结束时，超新星爆炸塑造了星系中的气体，研究人员将测量由此产生的星系中的星际湍流。该研究计划将通过天文馆展览、公民科学项目和一套针对初中、高中和大学学生的实践教程产生广泛的社会影响。该提案将通过支持本地群体L波段调查（LGLBS）的观察、处理和科学分析来解决这些问题。扬斯基甚大阵（VLA）巡天的本星系群。这次巡天使用了1,800小时的VLA时间来观测包括仙女座在内的六个北方本星系群恒星形成星系，其空间分辨率、光谱分辨率、带宽和灵敏度都达到了前所未有的水平。LGLBS同时覆盖了追踪HI的21厘米线和追踪过去SN爆炸和大质量恒星周围温暖气体的1- 2 GHz无线电连续辐射。这是唯一的星系足够接近，VLA可以解决星际介质（ISM）之间的相互作用，星星的形成，和stellar feedbacks.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准.