Collaborative Research: Understanding the Reversible Formation of Sodium Hydrosulfide in Hybrid Electrolytes for High-Energy Density Storage

合作研究：了解用于高能量密度存储的混合电解质中硫氢化钠的可逆形成

• 批准号: 2208972
• 负责人: Tao Li
• 金额: $ 28.2万
• 依托单位: Northern Illinois University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2208972&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Reversible; Formation

The development of the high-energy density and low-cost sodium-sulfur (Na/S-NaHS) battery technology can potentially have a transformational impact on the nation’s energy security and critical materials supply chain. This will yield new methods and chemistry understanding to enable the use of this battery system in applications requiring more durability and lower-cost including electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage for renewable energy generation. This project will enhance partnerships between academia and industry and facilitate the transfer of laboratory inventions to the marketplace. Graduate and undergraduate students will receive research and industry internships training through this project, and students from underrepresented groups will be recruited to participate in this project. A special aspect of this project is the collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory’s Advanced Photon Source for in situ characterization studies and hands-on student training.By characterizing sodium-polysulfide speciation and the electrode process of the battery, this project aims to provide fundamental insights into the multistep phase transformation reaction pathway of the sodium-sulfur chemistry in specific enabling electrolyte systems. By focusing on X-ray scattering characterization of the electrolyte system, this project will help understand the solvation structure evolution of the electrolyte systems at the molecular scale. By focusing on the exchange current density and nucleation and growth rate during electrochemical reactions, this project will enable a better understanding of the Na/S-NaHS electrode reaction kinetics. Together, these studies will advance the knowledge and understanding of the thermodynamics and kinetics of metal-polysulfide electrochemical reactions in various electrolyte systems in both solution and solid precipitation regions. The insight gained here will thus address critical needs in developing the high-energy density battery using abundant materials and lay the foundation for future research in this area.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

高能量密度和低成本钠硫（Na/S-NaHS）电池技术的发展可能会对国家的能源安全和关键材料供应链产生变革性影响。这将产生新的方法和化学理解，使这种电池系统能够用于需要更高耐用性和更低成本的应用，包括电动汽车和可再生能源发电的电网规模储能。该项目将加强学术界和工业界之间的伙伴关系，并促进实验室发明向市场的转让。研究生和本科生将通过该项目接受研究和工业实习培训，并将招募代表性不足的群体的学生参加该项目。该项目的一个特殊方面是与阿贡国家实验室的先进光子源合作进行原位表征研究和学生动手培训。通过表征钠-多硫化物的形态和电池的电极过程，该项目旨在为特定的使能电解质系统中钠-硫化学的多步相变反应途径提供基本见解。通过对电解质体系的X射线散射表征，本项目将有助于在分子尺度上理解电解质体系的溶剂化结构演变。通过专注于电化学反应过程中的交换电流密度和成核和生长速率，该项目将能够更好地理解Na/S-NaHS电极反应动力学。总之，这些研究将推进在溶液和固体沉淀区域的各种电解质系统中的金属多硫化物电化学反应的热力学和动力学的知识和理解。因此，在此获得的见解将解决使用丰富材料开发高能量密度电池的关键需求，并为该领域的未来研究奠定基础。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。