Nuclear Experimental Probes of Neutrino Mass

尽管中微子在宇宙中非常丰富，但关于中微子还有很多东西需要了解。 在它们未知的性质中，最主要的是它们的质量--这个量与所有尺度的物理学都有关：从宇宙结构的形成到最微小的粒子性质。 与此问题有关的两条平行的调查路线与本裁决一起进行。 第一，精确测量氚β衰变的最高能量衰变电子可以在没有模型依赖性或理论不确定性的情况下推断中微子质量。 在第二条研究路线中，中微子的性质以及它们是否可能是唯一的反粒子将通过寻找无中微子双β衰变（0νββ）来探测。 这两项实验都在推动探测器技术的前沿，以实现其科学目标，研究生将获得这些技术的支持和培训。 此外，该奖项将支持2024年美国大日食经过印第安纳州布卢明顿时的推广。项目8正在使用新的回旋辐射发射光谱（克雷斯）技术进行氚终点中微子质量实验的下一代概念。 在授标期间，工作重点将放在克雷斯的可扩展性上，以达到最终实验所需的多立方米规模。 该研究团队将领导新演示设备的实验控制系统，并为该项目的其他方面做出贡献。 在0νββ中，该奖项支持76 Ge实验，Majorana Demonstrator和LEGEND的工作。 马约拉纳的最终科学成果预计将在授予期间的早期获得，同时进行LEGEND-200的调试。 该研究团队将专注于脉冲形状分析，以改善背景的表征和拒绝。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

Much remains to be learned about neutrinos despite their great abundance in the universe. Chief among their unknown properties is their mass - a quantity that is relevant to physics at all scales: from the formation of the structure of the cosmos down to the minutest particle nature. Two parallel lines of investigation related to this question are pursued with this award. In the first, a precise measurement the highest-energy decay electrons of tritium beta decay can infer the neutrino mass with no model dependence or theoretical uncertainty. In the second line of investigation, the nature of neutrinos and whether they might uniquely be their own antiparticles will be probed by searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). Both experiments are pushing the frontiers of detector technology to achieve their science goals, and graduate students will be supported and trained in these techniques. Additionally, this award will support outreach as the Great American Eclipse of 2024 passes through Bloomington, IN.A next-generation concept for a tritium endpoint neutrino mass experiment is being pursued with Project 8 using the novel Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) technique. During the award period, work will focus on scalability of CRES towards the required multi-m^3-scale for the ultimate experiment. The research team will lead the experimental controls systems of new demonstrator apparatuses, as well as contribute to other aspects of the project. In 0νββ, this award supports work on the 76Ge experiments, Majorana Demonstrator and LEGEND. Final science results of Majorana are expected early in the award period, with LEGEND-200 commissioning concurrently. The research team will focus on pulse shape analysis towards improved characterization and rejection of backgrounds.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.