Nuclear Experimental Probes of Neutrino Mass

尽管中微子在宇宙中大量存在，但仍有许多有待了解的地方。在它们的未知属性中，最主要的是它们的质量——从宇宙结构的形成到最微小的粒子性质，质量与所有尺度的物理学都有关。与这个问题有关的两个平行的调查方向是通过这项裁决进行的。首先，对氚β衰变的最高能量衰变电子进行精确测量，可以推断出中微子的质量，而不需要模型依赖或理论不确定性。在第二项研究中，中微子的性质以及它们是否可能是唯一的反粒子将通过寻找无中微子双β衰变（0νββ）来探测。这两个实验都在推动探测器技术的前沿，以实现他们的科学目标，研究生将在这些技术上得到支持和训练。此外，该奖项将支持2024年美国大日食经过印第安纳州布卢明顿时的推广活动。新一代氚端点中微子质量实验的概念正在利用新的回旋辐射发射光谱（CRES）技术与项目8一起进行。在授奖期间，工作将侧重于CRES的可扩展性，以达到最终实验所需的多m^3尺度。研究小组将领导新示范装置的实验控制系统，并为项目的其他方面作出贡献。在2010 ββ中，该奖项支持76Ge实验、马约拉纳演示器和LEGEND的工作。马约拉纳的最终科学结果预计将在授奖期早期公布，LEGEND-200将同时进行调试。研究小组将专注于脉冲形状分析，以改进特征和拒绝背景。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Much remains to be learned about neutrinos despite their great abundance in the universe. Chief among their unknown properties is their mass - a quantity that is relevant to physics at all scales: from the formation of the structure of the cosmos down to the minutest particle nature. Two parallel lines of investigation related to this question are pursued with this award. In the first, a precise measurement the highest-energy decay electrons of tritium beta decay can infer the neutrino mass with no model dependence or theoretical uncertainty. In the second line of investigation, the nature of neutrinos and whether they might uniquely be their own antiparticles will be probed by searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). Both experiments are pushing the frontiers of detector technology to achieve their science goals, and graduate students will be supported and trained in these techniques. Additionally, this award will support outreach as the Great American Eclipse of 2024 passes through Bloomington, IN.A next-generation concept for a tritium endpoint neutrino mass experiment is being pursued with Project 8 using the novel Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) technique. During the award period, work will focus on scalability of CRES towards the required multi-m^3-scale for the ultimate experiment. The research team will lead the experimental controls systems of new demonstrator apparatuses, as well as contribute to other aspects of the project. In 0νββ, this award supports work on the 76Ge experiments, Majorana Demonstrator and LEGEND. Final science results of Majorana are expected early in the award period, with LEGEND-200 commissioning concurrently. The research team will focus on pulse shape analysis towards improved characterization and rejection of backgrounds.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.