Nuclear Experimental Probes of Neutrino Mass

尽管中微子在宇宙中非常丰富，但关于中微子仍有许多有待了解的地方。在它们未知的性质中，最主要的是它们的质量--从宇宙结构的形成到最微小的粒子性质，这个量在所有尺度上都与物理学有关。与这一问题相关的两条平行调查路线都与该裁决有关。首先，精确测量氚β衰变的最高能量衰变电子可以推断中微子的质量，而不依赖于模型或理论上的不确定性。在第二条线上，将通过寻找无中微子双β衰变(0νββ)来探索中微子的性质，以及它们是否可能是唯一的反粒子。这两个实验都在推动探测器技术的前沿，以实现他们的科学目标，研究生将得到这些技术的支持和培训。此外，该奖项将支持在2024年美国大日食通过印第安纳州布鲁明顿时的外展。项目8正在使用新的回旋辐射发射光谱(CRES)技术进行氚端点中微子质量实验的下一代概念。在获奖期间，工作重点将是CRES的可扩展性，以达到最终实验所需的多m^3尺度。研究团队将领导新的演示仪器的实验控制系统，并为该项目的其他方面做出贡献。在0νββ中，该奖项支持76Ge实验、马约拉纳演示和传奇的工作。预计Majorana的最终科学结果将在获奖期间的早期完成，同时联想-200将投入使用。研究团队将专注于脉搏形状分析，以改进表征和拒绝背景。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Much remains to be learned about neutrinos despite their great abundance in the universe. Chief among their unknown properties is their mass - a quantity that is relevant to physics at all scales: from the formation of the structure of the cosmos down to the minutest particle nature. Two parallel lines of investigation related to this question are pursued with this award. In the first, a precise measurement the highest-energy decay electrons of tritium beta decay can infer the neutrino mass with no model dependence or theoretical uncertainty. In the second line of investigation, the nature of neutrinos and whether they might uniquely be their own antiparticles will be probed by searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). Both experiments are pushing the frontiers of detector technology to achieve their science goals, and graduate students will be supported and trained in these techniques. Additionally, this award will support outreach as the Great American Eclipse of 2024 passes through Bloomington, IN.A next-generation concept for a tritium endpoint neutrino mass experiment is being pursued with Project 8 using the novel Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) technique. During the award period, work will focus on scalability of CRES towards the required multi-m^3-scale for the ultimate experiment. The research team will lead the experimental controls systems of new demonstrator apparatuses, as well as contribute to other aspects of the project. In 0νββ, this award supports work on the 76Ge experiments, Majorana Demonstrator and LEGEND. Final science results of Majorana are expected early in the award period, with LEGEND-200 commissioning concurrently. The research team will focus on pulse shape analysis towards improved characterization and rejection of backgrounds.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.