Particle and Quantum Field Theory Investigations

该奖项资助纽约大学S.Dubovski教授、G.Gabadadze教授和M.Porrati教授的研究活动。根据这项拨款进行的研究旨在回答物理学中一些真正基本的问题。我们怎样才能最好地确定自然的基本常量呢？什么是正确的引力理论？引力在宇宙尺度上的表现与我们在太阳系内遇到的较短距离上的表现是否不同？宇宙的演化是如何受到现代理论的制约的，这些理论试图将极小的物理与极大的物理统一起来，例如弦理论或量子引力？通过研究宇宙正在经历加速膨胀这一事实，我们能学到什么？与量子力学相一致的引力理论，能否在简单的“玩具模型”环境下用数学方法解决？因此，这一领域的研究通过加深我们对美国基础科学的了解来促进国家利益。在这个项目中，私人投资机构将努力并行和协作回答这些问题，让博士后和研究生参与整个研究过程。他们还将在学校为从研究科学家到高中生的不同受众举办公开讲座和讲座。从技术上讲，杜博夫斯基将继续研究二维场理论的某些可积变形及其与量子引力的关系。他计划探索单个长弦的世界表理论的高能渐近极限，以及在这个体系中新出现的可积性。他还将研究黑洞扰动的一种新的近似对称性，这在他最近的一部著作中得到了确认。这种对称性解释了黑洞潮汐反应的惊人特性(‘’洛夫数‘)。Gabadadze建议研究质量五维引力理论的全息对偶理论及其在宇宙学和黑洞物理中的应用，并研究有效重力场理论及其一致性领域，以及它在宇宙学中的应用。他还将研究超越爱因斯坦引力理论中的虫洞效应，以及这些效应对旋转的黑洞解及其超辐射的影响。波拉蒂计划了解量子引力的不同方面。他计划在具有高亏格边界的空间上计算三维拓扑理论的配分函数，并利用高度弯曲空间上弦理论的最新进展来理解它们在弦-黑洞转换点的全息对偶。他还计划研究电磁对偶性如何与无限维渐近代数相结合，他还将研究最近发现的某些新类型的超引力理论，并利用它们来寻找具有现实特征的有效理论。最后，他将研究超重力的其他方面，并与杜博夫斯基教授合作研究二维保形场理论的某些变形。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award funds the research activities of Professors S. Dubovskiy, G. Gabadadze, and M. Porrati at New York University. The research to be pursued under this grant aims at answering some of the truly fundamental questions in physics. How can we best determine the fundamental constants of nature? What is the correct theory of gravity? Does gravity behave differently over cosmic scales than over the shorter distances we encounter within our solar system? How is the evolution of the universe constrained by modern theories that attempt to unify the physics of the very small with the physics of the very large, such as string theory or quantum gravity? What can we learn by studying the fact that the universe is experiencing an accelerated expansion? Can gravitational theories that are consistent with quantum mechanics be solved mathematically in simple "toy model" settings? As such, research in this field advances the national interest by furthering our understanding of fundamental science in the United States. In this project, the PIs will work towards answering these questions both in parallel and in collaboration, involving postdocs and graduate students throughout the research process. They will also give public lectures and lecture in schools for diverse audiences ranging from research scientists to high-school students. More technically, Dubovskiy will continue the study of certain integrable deformations of two-dimensional field theory and their relations to quantum gravity. He plans to explore the high-energy asymptotic limit of the worldsheet theory of a single long string, and the emerging integrability in this regime. He will also study a new approximate symmetry of black-hole perturbations, which was identified in one of his recent works. This symmetry provides an explanation for surprising properties of black-hole tidal responses (``Love numbers"). Gabadadze proposes to investigate holographic dual theories for massive five-dimensional gravitational theories and their applications to cosmology and black-hole physics as well as study an effective field theory of gravity, its domain of consistency, and its applications to cosmology. He will also study the effects of wormholes in beyond-Einstein theories of gravity as well as the consequences of these effects for rotating black-hole solutions and for their superradiance. Porrati plans to understand diverse aspects of quantum gravity. He plans to compute partition functions of three-dimensional topological theories on spaces with high-genus boundaries and use recent advances in string theory on highly-curved spaces for understanding their holographic dual at the string-black hole transition point. He also plans to study how electric-magnetic duality combines with infinite-dimensional asymptotic algebras, and he will investigate certain recently discovered novel types of supergravity theories and use them to find effective theories with realistic features. Finally, he will investigate other aspects of supergravity and collaborate with Prof. Dubovskiy to study certain deformations of two-dimensional conformal field theories.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.