Collaborative Research: CNS Core: Medium: A Traffic Map for the Internet

要了解Internet事件（攻击、中断、性能下降或新部署的基础设施）的影响，必须了解它们如何影响人们对Internet服务的使用。研究人员、网络和服务运营商、监管机构、政策制定者和经济学家需要一张地图，显示受事件影响的网络、路由和服务器对互联网使用的影响程度：一张互联网流量地图。这样的流量地图将通过提供上下文来解释测量结果和建议的改进，从而为其他网络研究人员提供信息，最终为每个人改善互联网做出贡献。互联网流量地图还将帮助监管机构、政策制定者和经济学家评估计算机科学以外的网络对社会的影响。几十年的网络研究已经研究了与流量图相关但不同于流量图的组件，包括自治系统（AS）和路由器级拓扑、互联网交换点（ixp）、内容分发网络（CDN）部署和一般流量矩阵。互联网服务提供商（isp）和内容提供商有他们自己的高质量的互联网流量地图视图，但业务和客户的敏感性阻止了公开发布。这个项目的目标是提供一个可共享的、可信的交通地图。这张地图的交通流量将被量化——带有误差估计；广泛的完备性估计；而且是可持续的——定期更新。该项目建议通过以下方式满足这一需求：•测量流量图，该流量图确定哪些网络承载互联网用户，哪些流行服务为流行服务部署服务器，用户和服务之间的路径，以及这些路径上的相对活动水平。该地图必须从可复制的方法和开放数据中获得，以便共享。这样做需要开发新技术。•通过比较多种独立的方法，并对外部信息进行测试，评估该地图的准确性。与准确但享有特权的信息进行比较将建立对开源技术的信心。•为研究社区提供定期更新的地图和工具，允许其他人创建自己的地图。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

To understand the impact of Internet events---attacks, outages, degraded performance, or newly deployed infrastructure---one must understand how they affect peoples' use of Internet services. Researchers, network and service operators, regulators, policy makers, and economists need a map of what portion of Internet use depends on the networks, routes, and servers impacted by the events: an Internet traffic map.Such a traffic map will inform other networking researchers by providing context to interpret measurement results and proposed improvements, ultimately contributing to improving the Internet for everyone. An Internet traffic map will also help regulators, policy makers, and economists assess the societal impact of networking outside computer science.Decades of network research have studied components related to---but distinct from---a traffic map, including the autonomous system (AS) and router-level topologies, Internet exchange points (IXPs), content distribution network (CDN) deployments, and general traffic matrices. Internet service providers (ISPs) and content providers have their own, high-quality views of their part of the Internet traffic map, but business- and customer-sensitivities prevent public release. This project’s goal is to provide a sharable, trusted traffic map. This map traffic will be quantified—with estimates of error; broad—with estimates of completeness; and sustainable—with regular updates. This project proposes to meet this need by:• Measuring a traffic map that identifies which networks host Internet users and where popular services deploy servers for popular services, the paths between users and services, and relative activity levels on those paths. This map must be derived from replicable approaches and open data so it can be shared. Doing so will require developing new techniques. • Evaluating the accuracy of this map by comparing multiple, independent methods, and testing against external information. Comparison against accurate but privileged information will establish confidence in open-source techniques. • Providing regularly-updated maps to the research community and tools that allow others to create their own maps.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.