RAPID: Systemic Differences in Employee Outcomes from COVID-19 and the Effectiveness of Organizational Response

RAPID：员工因 COVID-19 造成的结果的系统性差异以及组织应对措施的有效性

• 批准号: 2219358
• 负责人: Enrica Ruggs
• 金额: $ 11.2万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2219358&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Systemic; Differences; Employee; Outcomes

The spread of COVID-19 within the United States has forced radical changes in people’s work structure, status, and lives. Three extremes include a) millions of employees now working remotely (telecommuting), b) millions more furloughed, laid off, or suddenly unemployed, and c) a third group of “essential employees” continuing to work in public at great risk to their own health. Such rapid changes in the structure of individual work conditions have led to unique challenges and pressures for these three groups. Further, the divisions of employees into each of the aforementioned groups may exacerbate societal disadvantages already noted in science and practice, including socioeconomic status (SES) and race because these divisions are seen in the types of jobs that allow for (or mandate) continued work through social distancing requirements instituted by federal and state governments. Thus, the current project will examine how such rapid changes in work structure and status have differentially affected employees across various levels of job structure, SES, and race. The researchers will examine (1) how these changes affect employee outcomes (including job attitudes, health and wellbeing, and job performance), and (2) the ways in which organizational responses to COVID-19 helped to mitigate (or exacerbate) these outcomes. This study seeks to advance the field of organizational science by uncovering the ways in which continued changes in occupational structure and organizational responses interact to influence employees over time. Further, this project will provide information used to potentially develop recommendations for organizational and government policy regarding best practices in handling societal-level crises of this magnitude in the future. The primary objectives of this project are to (1) empirically examine how rapid changes in work conditions due to COVID-19 have differentially affected workers across various levels of job structure, SES, and race, and (2) examine how organizational responses to COVID-19 have affected the relationship between such job changes and employee well-being. By collecting survey and open-response data from employees (and those unemployed) across four months, we aim to examine how job structure changes affect job-related attitudes and behavior and well-being. Further, we seek to identify factors that may affect these variables (e.g., financial security, changes in childcare). Finally, we plan to incorporate managerial surveys to examine how organizational policies, communication, and other response methods hinder or foster successful coping with the surveyed employee-level outcomes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19在美国的蔓延迫使人们的工作结构、地位和生活发生根本性变化。三个极端包括：a）数百万员工现在远程工作（远程办公），B）数百万人休假、下岗或突然失业，以及c）第三组“必要员工”继续在公共场所工作，对他们自己的健康有很大的风险。个人工作条件结构的这种迅速变化给这三个群体带来了独特的挑战和压力。此外，将雇员划分为上述每个群体可能会加剧科学和实践中已经注意到的社会不利因素，包括社会经济地位和种族，因为这些划分在通过联邦和州政府制定的社会距离要求允许（或授权）继续工作的工作类型中可见。因此，目前的项目将研究如何在工作结构和地位的快速变化有不同的影响，在不同层次的工作结构，社会经济地位和种族的员工。研究人员将研究（1）这些变化如何影响员工的结果（包括工作态度，健康和福祉以及工作绩效），以及（2）组织对COVID-19的反应有助于减轻（或加剧）这些结果的方式。本研究旨在通过揭示职业结构和组织反应的持续变化随着时间的推移相互影响员工的方式来推进组织科学领域。此外，该项目还将提供信息，用于可能就今后处理这种规模的社会危机的最佳做法为组织和政府政策提出建议。本项目的主要目的是（1）实证研究COVID-19导致的工作条件的快速变化如何对不同职位结构、社会经济地位和种族的工人产生不同影响，以及（2）研究组织对COVID-19的反应如何影响这种工作变化与员工福祉之间的关系。通过收集四个月内员工（和失业者）的调查和开放式回应数据，我们旨在研究工作结构变化如何影响与工作相关的态度和行为以及幸福感。此外，我们试图确定可能影响这些变量的因素（例如，经济安全、儿童保育方面的变化）。最后，我们计划将管理调查，以检查组织的政策，沟通，和其他响应方法如何阻碍或促进成功应对所调查的企业级outcome.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。