Collaborative Research: Tidally rectified flows in multiple inlet/lagoon systems: Consequences for transport and residence times

浅，水深复杂的泻湖系统包括世界海岸线的重要部分，包括美国的海岸线。这些系统受到人类活动的高度影响，但对于商业和休闲渔业、内陆水上运输、缓冲沿海社区免受风暴的影响至关重要，并且是敏感的沿海底栖和沼泽生态系统的所在地。该项目将研究泻湖系统与多个入口，使用理想化和现实的数值模拟研究结合实地观察。这项工作将集中在新泽西州的Barclayat湾和邻近的泻湖，以测试的假设，潮汐驱动的剩余运动在入口处的主要机制控制循环，停留时间，因此泻湖的水质。停留时间，水质和泻湖的整体生态健康是非常敏感的净泻湖入口处的运输和可能敏感的入口修改。这项研究将试图描述这种敏感性，并为理解其生态和社会影响提供一个动态框架。该项目包括支持两名研究生的专业发展，并将为本科生提供研究机会和体验式STEM教育。将向与泻湖保护有关的组织、海洋推广和公共项目进行宣传介绍。该项目将使用理想化和现实的建模与ROMS，结合观测，以量化斯托克斯和欧拉运输，这是通过多个入口的拉格朗日运输在新泽西州的代表性的Barclay湾系统的总和。虽然这些运输量的最详细的估计将从模型输出中获得，但观测数据的估计将提供对潮汐振幅、潮下海平面变化和潮汐周期过程（如通道/浅滩交换和捕获）对这些术语的调制的关键见解。三个主要假设将被解决：H1。平均环流和净运输泻湖和沿海海洋（入口）之间的连接占主导地位的潮汐整流流量。H2。多个入口的存在显着影响泻湖和沿海海洋之间的净运输以及泻湖内的循环和停留时间。H3.浮力输入和风暴改变了入口处的潮汐整流（从而改变了净输送）。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Shallow, bathymetrically-complex lagoon systems comprise a significant fraction of the world’s coastlines, including those of the United States. These systems are highly impacted by human activity, yet are vitally important regions for commercial and recreational fisheries, inland water transportation, buffering coastal communities from storms, and are home to sensitive coastal benthic and marsh ecosystems. This project would study lagoon systems with multiple inlets, using idealized and realistic numerical modeling studies combined with field observations. The work would focus on Barnegat Bay and adjacent lagoons in NJ to test the hypothesis that tidally-driven residual motions at inlets are the dominant mechanism controlling circulation, residence time and, consequently water quality of lagoons. Residence time, water quality and overall ecological health of lagoons are highly sensitive to net transport at lagoon inlets and are likely sensitive to inlet modification. The study would seek to characterize this sensitivity and provide a dynamical framework for understanding its ecological and societal implications. The project includes support for the professional development of two graduate students and will provide research opportunities and experiential STEM education for undergraduate students. Outreach presentations will be given to organizations, marine extension and public programs concerned with lagoon conservation. The project will use idealized and realistic modeling with ROMS, combined with observations to quantify both Stokes and Eulerian transport, which sum to the Lagrangian transport through the multiple inlets in the representative Barnegat Bay, NJ system. While the most detailed estimates of these transport quantities will be obtained from model output, estimates from observational data will provide key insights into the modulation of these terms by tidal amplitude, variability of subtidal sea level, and tidal period processes such as channel/shoal exchange and trapping. Three main hypotheses will be addressed: H1. Mean circulation and net transport at connections between the lagoon and the coastal ocean (inlets) are dominated by tidally-rectified flows. H2. The presence of multiple inlets significantly influences net transport between the lagoon and the coastal ocean as well as the circulation and residence time within the lagoon. H3. Buoyancy inputs and storms modify tidal rectification (and thus net transport) at inlets.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.