Collaborative Research: Geomorphic legacy of megaflood deposits on river processes and form, Eastern Himalaya

合作研究:喜马拉雅东部大洪水沉积物对河流过程和形态的地貌遗产

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2220336
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Earth and other planetary landscapes contain a record of both past and present surface processes. During colder climate periods thousands of years ago, glacial ice and debris episodically dammed rivers, leading to catastrophic floods of a magnitude not seen on Earth today. Such “megafloods” left an indelible signature on landscapes across nearly every continent, and geologists rely on rare flood deposits to reconstruct how megafloods have shaped the landscapes we see today. This project focuses on unique flood deposits from the eastern Himalayan mountains, using new observations, measurements, and computer modeling to study how catastrophic flood events contribute to the evolution of a steep, high-relief mountain landscape. This project also uses the fascinating story of megafloods to develop publicly accessible K-12 educational materials that integrate scientific discovery with Indigenous Knowledge and will support training of multiple graduate and undergraduate students. The results of this work will help to more accurately interpret the origin of the landscapes seen on both Earth and Mars today – as well as to better predict hazards from similarly catastrophic anthropogenic analogues, such as flooding after the failure of a dam. Prior megaflood research has focused on the impact of dam-burst megaflood discharges (10^6 m3/s) on bedrock channel erosion. This project will further explore the role of megaflood deposition on the long-term (10^3 yr) evolution of bedrock rivers. The project team will focus on a well-documented example of megaflood deposition along the Yarlung-Siang-Brahmaputra river system in the eastern Himalaya to: 1. determine the source, depositional age and grain size distribution of flood deposits using cutting-edge analytical tools, 2. develop a process-based numerical model to predict first-order changes to a bedrock river channel following abrupt flood aggradation, and 3. search for a unique topographic signature of megaflood processes by comparing the morphology of eastern Himalayan river channels with and without a history of megaflooding. These findings will illuminate how intermontane sediment deposition by megafloods governs river valley evolution. Ultimately, the results have the potential to change the way sediment deposition is considered in numerical models of eroding mountainous landscapes and will provide new insight into the role of infrequent, high-magnitude flood events in shaping landscapes on both Earth and Mars.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
地球和其他行星的景观包含了过去和现在表面过程的记录。在数千年前气候较冷的时期,冰川的冰和碎片偶尔会阻塞河流,导致今天地球上从未见过的灾难性洪水。这样的“特大洪水”在几乎每个大陆的景观上都留下了不可磨灭的印记,地质学家依靠罕见的洪水沉积物来重建特大洪水是如何塑造我们今天所看到的景观的。该项目侧重于喜马拉雅山脉东部独特的洪水沉积物,使用新的观测、测量和计算机建模来研究灾难性洪水事件如何促进陡峭、高地形山脉景观的演变。该项目还利用特大洪水的迷人故事,开发可公开访问的K-12教育材料,将科学发现与土著知识结合起来,并将支持多名研究生和本科生的培训。这项工作的结果将有助于更准确地解释今天地球和火星上所看到的景观的起源,以及更好地预测类似的灾难性人为类似事件的危害,比如大坝倒塌后的洪水。先前的特大洪水研究主要集中在溃坝特大洪水流量(10^6 m3/s)对基岩通道侵蚀的影响上。本项目将进一步探讨特大洪水沉积对基岩河流长期(10^3年)演化的作用。该项目团队将重点关注喜马拉雅东部雅鲁藏布江流域的一个有充分记录的特大洪水沉积例子:1。1 .利用先进的分析工具确定洪水沉积物的来源、沉积年代和粒度分布;2 .建立基于过程的数值模型来预测基岩河道在洪水突变后的一级变化;通过比较有和没有特大洪水历史的喜马拉雅东部河道的形态,寻找特大洪水过程的独特地形特征。这些发现将阐明特大洪水造成的山间沉积物沉积如何支配河谷演化。最终,这些结果有可能改变在侵蚀山地景观的数值模型中考虑沉积物沉积的方式,并将为罕见的高强度洪水事件在塑造地球和火星景观中的作用提供新的见解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The Erosional and Depositional Potential of Holocene Tibetan Megafloods Through the Yarlung Tsangpo Gorge, Eastern Himalaya: Insights From 2D Hydraulic Simulations
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2021jf006498
  • 发表时间:
    2022-04
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Susannah M. Morey;K. Huntington;Michael D. Turzewski;Mahathi Mangipudi;David R. Montgomery
  • 通讯作者:
    Susannah M. Morey;K. Huntington;Michael D. Turzewski;Mahathi Mangipudi;David R. Montgomery
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Katharine Huntington其他文献

Katharine Huntington的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Katharine Huntington', 18)}}的其他基金

Acquisition of a clumped isotope gas-source isotope-ratio mass spectrometer and carbonate device for inclusive research and education at the University of Washington
华盛顿大学购买了用于包容性研究和教育的聚集同位素气源同位素比质谱仪和碳酸盐装置
  • 批准号:
    2153799
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Proposal: CO2PIP — A Community Project to advance and standardize approaches to paleo-CO2 reconstruction and build the next-generation Phanerozoic record
合作提案:CO2PIP — 一个社区项目,旨在推进古二氧化碳重建方法并使其标准化,并建立下一代显生宙记录
  • 批准号:
    2121597
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Improving and calibrating a Tunable Infrared Laser Direct Absorption Spectroscopy (TILDAS) system for clumped isotope analysis of CO2
合作研究:改进和校准用于 CO2 聚集同位素分析的可调谐红外激光直接吸收光谱 (TILDAS) 系统
  • 批准号:
    1933130
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Development of Tunable Infrared Laser Direct Absorption Spectroscopy (TILDAS) for clumped isotope analysis of CO2
合作研究:开发用于 CO2 聚集同位素分析的可调谐红外激光直接吸收光谱 (TILDAS)
  • 批准号:
    1649986
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Impact of Quaternary megafloods on erosion of the Tsangpo River gorge, southeastern Tibet
第四纪特大洪水对藏东南雅鲁藏布江峡谷侵蚀的影响
  • 批准号:
    1349279
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Interpreting clumped isotope temperatures and δ18O records from pedogenic carbonate: influence of climate, seasonality, and elevation
合作研究:解释聚集同位素温度和
  • 批准号:
    1252064
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Early Career: Acquisition of a Mass Spectrometer for Research and Education in Tectonics and Paleoclimate
早期职业生涯:购买一台质谱仪用于构造和古气候的研究和教育
  • 批准号:
    1156134
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: The Detrital Record of Focused Rock Uplift and Exhumation, Northeast Indian Himalaya
职业:印度喜马拉雅东北部集中岩石隆起和折返的碎屑记录
  • 批准号:
    0955309
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 23.41万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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