Collaborative Research: FW-HTF-R: The Future of Robot-Assisted Nursing: Interactive AI Frameworks for Upskilling Nurses and Customizing Robot Assistance

合作研究：FW-HTF-R：机器人辅助护理的未来：用于提高护士技能和定制机器人辅助的交互式人工智能框架

• 批准号: 2222876
• 负责人: Lydia Kavraki
• 金额: $ 12.17万
• 依托单位: William Marsh Rice University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222876&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; FW; HTF; Future

The specific objectives of the Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier program are (1) to facilitate convergent research that employs the joint perspectives, methods, and knowledge of computer science, engineering, learning sciences, research on education and workforce training, and social, behavioral, and economic sciences; (2) to encourage the development of a research community dedicated to designing intelligent technologies and work organization and modes inspired by their positive impact on individual workers, the work at hand, the way people learn and adapt to technological change, creative and supportive workplaces (including remote locations, homes, classrooms, or virtual spaces), and benefits for social, economic, and environmental systems at different scales; (3) to promote deeper basic understanding of the interdependent human-technology partnership to advance societal needs by advancing design of intelligent work technologies that operate in harmony with human workers, including consideration of how adults learn the new skills needed to interact with these technologies in the workplace, and by enabling broad workforce participation, including improving accessibility for those challenged by physical or cognitive impairment; and (4) to understand, anticipate, and explore ways of mitigating potential risks arising from future work at the human-technology frontier.Nursing is a discipline of knowledge and practice focused on delivering patient-centered care. As the healthcare providers who are with hospitalized patients 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, registered nurses are crucial for ensuring patient safety and delivering patient-centered care. Alarmingly, however, the U.S. is experiencing a dire nursing shortage, which is projected to significantly worsen in the next decade. As a result, nurses have limited time for patient-centered care. To continue providing high-quality patient care, healthcare leaders are scrambling for solutions, often turning to technological aids such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robots. On one hand, AI-enabled robotic assistants hold the potential to support nurses in some routine tasks, allowing them to spend more time on patient care and improving patient outcomes. On the other hand, the introduction of robots also brings forth several areas of concerns such as increase in nursing workload due to required training and maintenance to use these complex systems. This planning project will develop a multi-disciplinary research agenda to systematically introduce nurses to AI-enabled robotics technology, with the goal of ensuring that the integration of robots in the future of nursing brings long-term positive impact.Seamless integration of robotic assistants in the nursing workflow requires (a) careful scientific study of the impact of robots on nursing workload, (b) design of nurse-centered frameworks for customizing robotic assistance, and (c) continued development of nurse training content and practices. To develop a research agenda that expands on these thrusts, the project will involve three main planning activities. First, the project will bring together technologists, healthcare professionals, social scientists, and educators through workshops and stakeholder meetings. These meetings will facilitate cross-disciplinary collaborations and formation of a convergent research team. Second, through participatory design, the project team will create a testbed for robot-assisted nursing, where multiple disciplines can brainstorm, prototype, and evaluate solutions for robot-assisted nursing. Third, the project team will use the testbed for generating preliminary data to assess the impact of robotic assistants on nursing workload. The data collection will be conducted with the help of nurse volunteers of varied experience, and in a combination of simulated and physical environments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类-技术前沿计划未来工作的具体目标是(1)促进采用计算机科学、工程学、学习科学、教育和劳动力培训研究以及社会、行为和经济科学的联合视角、方法和知识的融合研究；(2)鼓励发展一个致力于设计智能技术和工作组织和模式的研究社区，其灵感来自于它们对个人工人的积极影响、手头的工作、人们学习和适应技术变化的方式、创造性和支持性的工作场所(包括偏远地点、家庭、教室或虚拟空间)以及对不同规模的社会、经济和环境系统的好处；(3)通过推进与人类工人和谐运作的智能工作技术的设计，促进对相互依存的人-技术伙伴关系的更深层次的基本了解，以促进社会需求，包括考虑成年人如何学习在工作场所与这些技术互动所需的新技能，并通过允许广泛的劳动力参与，包括改善那些受到身体或认知障碍挑战的人的可及性；以及(4)了解、预测和探索降低未来人类-技术前沿工作产生的潜在风险的方法。护理是一门知识和实践的学科，专注于提供以病人为中心的护理。作为一周7天、每天24小时为住院患者提供服务的医疗保健提供者，注册护士对于确保患者安全和提供以患者为中心的护理至关重要。然而，令人担忧的是，美国正在经历严重的护士短缺，预计这种情况在未来十年将显著恶化。因此，护士以病人为中心的护理时间有限。为了继续提供高质量的患者护理，医疗保健领导者正在争先恐后地寻找解决方案，往往求助于人工智能(AI)和机器人等技术辅助手段。一方面，支持人工智能的机器人助手有可能在一些常规任务中为护士提供支持，使他们能够将更多时间用于患者护理和改善患者预后。另一方面，机器人的引入也带来了一些令人担忧的领域，如使用这些复杂系统所需的培训和维护增加了护理工作量。这个规划项目将制定一个多学科的研究议程，系统地向护士介绍人工智能启用的机器人技术，以确保机器人在未来护理工作中的整合带来长期的积极影响。机器人助手无缝集成在护理工作流程中需要(A)仔细的科学研究机器人对护理工作量的影响，(B)设计以护士为中心的机器人辅助定制框架，以及(C)继续开发护士培训内容和实践。为了制定一项研究议程，以扩展这些推动力，该项目将涉及三项主要规划活动。首先，该项目将通过研讨会和利益相关者会议将技术专家、医疗保健专业人员、社会科学家和教育工作者聚集在一起。这些会议将促进跨学科合作和组建一个汇聚的研究团队。第二，通过参与式设计，项目组将创建一个机器人辅助护理的试验床，在这里，多个学科可以集思广益，制作机器人辅助护理的解决方案，并对其进行评估。第三，项目组将使用试验床生成初步数据，以评估机器人助理对护理工作量的影响。数据收集将在具有不同经验的护士志愿者的帮助下进行，并结合模拟和实际环境。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Robotic Tutors for Nurse Training: Opportunities for HRI Researchers

• DOI: 10.1109/ro-man57019.2023.10309573
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)
• 作者: Carlos Quintero-Pe˜na;Peizhu Qian;N. Fontenot;Hsin-Mei Chen;Shannan K Hamlin;L. Kavraki;Vaibhav Unhelkar