CAS: Probing Nucleation and Growth Dynamics of Lithium Dendrites in Solid Electrolytes

CAS：探测固体电解质中锂枝晶的成核和生长动力学

• 批准号: 2223217
• 负责人: Fudong Han
• 金额: $ 39.95万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2223217&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAS; Probing; Nucleation; Growth; Dynamics

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYLithium-ion batteries power much of our daily lives from portable electronics, power tools, to medical devices, but their adoption in more strategically important applications such as transportation electrification and grid storage is slower due to concerns raised over their safety, reliability, and energy density. Integrating nonflammable inorganic solid electrolytes with high-capacity Li metal anodes to make solid-state lithium metal batteries are considered a promising approach to significantly improve the safety and energy density of existing batteries. However, metallic lithium dendrites tend to form in a variety of solid electrolytes during charging, causing short-circuit risk, by mechanisms that remain elusive. In this project, funded by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the NSF’s Division of Materials Research, Prof. Fudong Han and his research group at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute will study the underlying causes of dendrite formation in solid electrolytes by probing the nucleation and growth of dendrites during battery operation. The project not only provides critical scientific knowledge to develop advanced solid electrolytes for maintaining and advancing US battery technology leadership, but also supports STEM education and workforce development in the energy storage field. The research involves the utilization of advanced neutron scattering techniques at national facilities, and developments in cell design, real-time measurement, and data analysis for the technique also enhance national infrastructure development. TECHNICAL SUMMARYWith support from the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program of the Division of Materials Research, this hypothesis-driven research seeks to probe nucleation and growth dynamics of Li dendrites in inorganic solid electrolytes. Combining state-of-the-art ceramic synthesis, operando neutron scattering measurement, and advanced data modeling and analysis, this project aims to reveal the nucleation and growth pathways, competitions between growth and dissolution, and temperature-dependent shape evolutions of dendrites formed in solid electrolytes. The research provides unprecedented insights in understanding how the dendrites observed from the conventional macroscopic techniques are formed at the very early stage for development of dendrite-resistant solid electrolytes. The development of in-situ small-angle neutron scattering to probe the formation of alien species in a dense ceramic enables further electrochemical materials research where microstructure variations occur at the macroscopic scale. In addition to advancing the fundamental materials chemistry, the multi-disciplinary research also provides ample educational and outreach opportunities for students at different levels, including those from underrepresented groups.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术总结电池电池从便携式电子，电动工具到医疗设备中的大部分日常生活都为他们的日常生活提供了动力，但是由于对其安全性，可靠性和能量密度提出的担忧，它们在更具战略意义的应用程序中的采用（例如运输电子化和网格存储）较慢。将不可燃化的无机固体电解质与高容量LI金属阳极制成固态锂金属电池被认为是一种有希望的方法，可显着提高现有电池的安全性和能量密度。但是，金属锂树突在充电过程中倾向于在多种固体电解质中形成，从而通过保持弹性的机制导致短路风险。在NSF材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划资助的该项目中，Fudong Han教授及其在伦斯勒理工学院的研究小组将通过探测固体电解质中树突形成的基本原因，通过探测电池运行过程中的树突核的成核和生长。该项目不仅提供了关键的科学知识来开发先进的固体电解质，以维持和推进美国电池技术的领导力，而且还支持储能领域的STEM教育和劳动力发展。该研究涉及在国家设施中利用先进的中子散射技术，以及该技术的细胞设计，实时测量和数据分析的发展，还可以增强国家基础设施的发展。技术摘要以及材料研究划分的固态和材料化学计划的支持，该假设驱动的研究旨在探测李树突的无机固体电解质中Li树突的成核和生长动力学。该项目结合了最先进的陶瓷合成，操作数中子散射测量和高级数据建模和分析，旨在揭示成核和生长途径，生长与溶解之间的竞争以及固体电解质中形成的树突形成的温度依赖性形状。这项研究提供了前所未有的见解，以了解如何从常规的宏观技术中观察到的树突在很早的阶段形成耐树枝状固体电解质的早期阶段。在密集的陶瓷中探测外星物种的形成，可以进一步的电化学材料研究，在宏观尺度上发生微结构变化。除了推进基本材料化学外，多学科研究还为不同级别的学生（包括代表性不足的人群）提供了充足的教育和外展机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和广泛的影响审查审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来获得的支持。

项目成果

Solid-state silicon anode with extremely high initial coulombic efficiency

具有极高初始库伦效率的固态硅阳极

• DOI: 10.1039/d2ee04057c
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Energy & Environmental Science
• 影响因子: 32.5
• 作者: Huang, Yonglin;Shao, Bowen;Wang, Yan;Han, Fudong
• 通讯作者: Han, Fudong