High pressure and high temperature synthesis and in-situ characterization of new compounds with special electronic transport properties, using "lone-pair" oxides, fluorides, sulphides and selenides of elements from groups 14-16

使用第 14-16 族元素的“孤对”氧化物、氟化物、硫化物和硒化物，高压高温合成具有特殊电子传输特性的新化合物并进行原位表征

• 批准号: 25250748
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Martin Jansen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung (MPI-FKF)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/25250748?language=en
• 关键词: pressure; temperature; synthesis; situ; characterization

The goal of the proposed study is to synthesize novel stable structures exhibiting interesting physical and electronic transport properties. The oxides, fluorides, sulphides and selenides of elements from groups 14¿16, which exhibit the presence of lone-electron pairs, are making the subject of the study. Such compounds offer intrinsically the opportunity to delocalize the free electron pair by simultaneous application of extreme pressures and temperatures. Furthermore, such dislocations are associated with changes in the electronic behaviour, likely to trigger modifications of the transport properties: insulator-metal, and semiconductor-metal type. In such circumstances, it is envisioned that an insulator- or semiconductor-metal-superconductor transition could be also made possible. A combination of quench-type and in-situ-type experimental high pressure and high temperature techniques employing large volume multianvil devices will be used to facilitate the uncovering of such new interesting phases, and to map their stability range in the pressure-temperature-time space. In addition, chemical doping of the compounds making the subject of the study could accelerate the delocalisation process and/ or could stabilise the structures obtained at extreme conditions and help retrieve them at ambient pressures and temperatures. The means of obtaining such new phases are provided by the use of large volume high pressure and high temperature devices, in particular multianvil presses (present both in our laboratory and at HASYLAB, DESY Hamburg). The range of attainable pressures and temperatures reaches 30 GPa and 2500 °C, respectively.

该研究的目标是合成具有有趣的物理和电子输运性质的新型稳定结构。第14至16族元素的氧化物，氟化物，硫化物和硒化物，它们表现出孤电子对的存在，正在成为研究的主题。这种化合物本质上提供了通过同时施加极端压力和温度使自由电子对离域的机会。此外，这种位错与电子行为的变化有关，可能会触发传输特性的修改：绝缘体金属和超导体金属类型。在这种情况下，可以设想绝缘体-或超导体-金属-超导体转变也是可能的。淬火型和原位型实验高压和高温技术相结合，采用大容量多砧装置将被用来促进这些新的有趣的阶段的发现，并映射其在压力-温度-时间空间的稳定范围。此外，对研究对象化合物进行化学掺杂可以加速离域过程和/或可以稳定在极端条件下获得的结构，并有助于在环境压力和温度下恢复它们。通过使用大容量高压和高温装置，特别是多砧压机（在我们的实验室和HASYLAB，DESY Hamburg中都有），提供了获得这种新相的方法。可达到的压力和温度范围分别达到30 GPa和2500 °C。