EAGER: Investigating changes to forest soil microorganism communities due to the interactive effects of increasing soil P and pH

EAGER:调查由于土壤 P 和 pH 值增加的相互作用而导致的森林土壤微生物群落的变化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2227331
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 20万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2022-06-15 至 2024-05-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Forests cover 30% of the Earth’s surface. They support a large portion of the earth’s living organisms and play an important role in the global cycling of carbon and water. While often being directly affected by humans via activities like logging, they are also often indirectly threatened by human activities such as those that result in acid rain and high nutrient deposition. The resulting changes in soil nutrients from these indirect activities can fundamentally alter the soil microorganism community which in turn can have consequences for forest composition and processes. For example, soil microorganisms like bacteria and fungi can drive plant growth, and particular root-associated fungi can favor some plant species over others. This experimental study will evaluate how soil microbial composition and abundance change with soil acidification and with changes in phosphorus in a forested landscape and how root-associated microbes change as the canopy tree species change. The results of this experimental study can be used to predict how forests will respond to changes in soil nutrient availability associated with human influences. In addition to the traditional training of graduate and undergraduate students, this project benefits the broader scientific community and society in several ways. It will engage teachers and school administrators to improve STEM education for students in sixth grade in the Dayton Regional STEM School by developing programs to highlight microbial biology and soil fungi and their important roles and associations. It will also provide training to private woodlot owners and professional foresters about soil fertility and forest management.Previous work in a variety of systems has shown that soil acidity is important for shaping soil microorganism communities with potential consequences for plant composition. Soil and root-associated microbial responses to acidity are likely facilitated through changes in soil P. Despite this important linkage between pH and P, experimental manipulations of both pH and P in forest ecosystems are relatively rare and instead studies tend to take advantage of existing gradients in nutrient availability. This lack of factorial manipulation of pH and P limits the ability to tease apart mechanisms driving the responses of microorganisms to alterations in pH versus other nutrients . To fully understand how changing P alters the soil microorganism community,studies that manipulate soil P directly versus indirectly by changing soil pH are needed. The proposed research utilizes a unique, 12-year forest fertilization experiment that has increased soil pH and P availability independently and together, through the addition of lime and/or phosphate fertilizer. The main objective of this proposal is to determine if altered soil P availability drives changes in taxonomic and functional composition of microorganism communities. The proposed work seeks to disentangle biotic and abiotic drivers of these microbial communities and to identify whether particular phyla or key dominant strains of the microorganism community are driving changes. In doing so, outcomes from the research proposed will contribute to understanding microbial contributions to changing nutrient cycles and provide a critical step towards a predictive understanding of how soil P availability can alter forest community composition with consequences for future carbon storage.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
森林覆盖了地球表面的30%。它们支撑着地球上大部分的生物体,并在全球碳和水的循环中发挥着重要作用。 虽然它们经常通过伐木等活动受到人类的直接影响,但它们也经常受到人类活动的间接威胁,例如导致酸雨和高养分沉积的活动。这些间接活动导致的土壤养分变化可以从根本上改变土壤微生物群落,这反过来又会对森林的组成和过程产生影响。例如,土壤微生物如细菌和真菌可以驱动植物生长,特定的根相关真菌可以使某些植物物种优于其他植物物种。本实验研究将评估土壤微生物组成和丰度如何随着土壤酸化和森林景观中磷的变化而变化,以及根相关微生物如何随着冠层树种的变化而变化。这项实验研究的结果可以用来预测森林将如何应对与人类影响有关的土壤养分供应的变化。除了对研究生和本科生的传统培训外,该项目还以多种方式使更广泛的科学界和社会受益。它将让教师和学校管理人员参与进来,通过开发突出微生物生物学和土壤真菌及其重要作用和关联的项目,改善代顿地区STEM学校六年级学生的STEM教育。它还将向私人林地所有者和专业林业人员提供关于土壤肥力和森林管理的培训,以前在各种系统中的工作表明,土壤酸度对形成土壤微生物群落很重要,对植物组成有潜在的影响。土壤和根相关的微生物对酸度的反应可能是通过促进土壤P.尽管pH值和P之间的这种重要联系,实验操作的pH值和P在森林生态系统中是相对罕见的,而不是研究往往利用现有的梯度养分的可用性。这种缺乏对pH和P的因子操纵限制了将驱动微生物对pH相对于其他营养物的改变的响应的机制梳理开的能力。为了充分了解磷的变化如何改变土壤微生物群落,需要通过改变土壤pH值来直接或间接操纵土壤磷的研究。这项研究利用了一项独特的为期12年的森林施肥实验,通过添加石灰和/或磷肥,单独和共同提高了土壤pH值和磷的有效性。本提案的主要目的是确定是否改变土壤磷的有效性驱动微生物群落的分类和功能组成的变化。拟议的工作旨在解开这些微生物群落的生物和非生物驱动因素,并确定微生物群落的特定门或关键优势菌株是否正在推动变化。在这样做时,这项研究的成果将有助于理解微生物对改变养分循环的贡献,并为预测性地理解土壤磷的有效性如何改变森林群落的组成以及对未来碳储存的影响提供了关键的一步。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过利用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响进行评估,被认为值得支持审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Changing litter composition following the dual invasion of Amur honeysuckle and the emerald ash borer alters fungal driven decomposition in Midwestern forests
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s10530-023-03084-6
  • 发表时间:
    2023-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Adam Reed;Carson A. Richardson;M. Rúa
  • 通讯作者:
    Adam Reed;Carson A. Richardson;M. Rúa
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Megan Rua其他文献

Megan Rua的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Megan Rua', 18)}}的其他基金

NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2012
2012 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金
  • 批准号:
    1202676
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award

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