CEDAR: Examining the vertical structures of ionosphere-atmosphere coupling using decadal observations and ionospheric models

CEDAR：使用十年观测和电离层模型检查电离层-大气耦合的垂直结构

• 批准号: 2230265
• 负责人: King-Fai Li
• 金额: $ 40.61万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2230265&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CEDAR; Examining; vertical; structures; ionosphere

The ionosphere protects life on Earth by shielding cosmic rays, energetic particles, X rays, and extreme UV from the Sun. The ionosphere also enables communication by reflecting radio high-frequency transmissions. However, disturbances due to natural variabilities on vastly different time scales, such as the solar cycles and the solar flares from above, or the tidal waves and the anthropogenic CO2 effects from below, may disrupt the stability of the ionosphere, and interfere with civilian activities, such as navigation, emergency services, precision farming, and artificial satellite systems. Thus, an accurate space weather prediction must be able to predict the impacts of the natural variabilities. This project studies the ionospheric variabilities in ground-based and satellite observations and uses state-of-the-art models to better understand the impacts of the solar electromagnetic changes and the climate forcings on the predictability of the ionospheric variabilities. An undergraduate research assistant will be hired to perform some of the data analyses using machine-learning tools. Annual field trips to a local national lab facility in Los Angeles for undergraduates will be taken to promote aeronomy sciences among under-represented groups in Southern California.The goal of this investigation is to advance our understanding of the influence of solar and lower atmospheric disturbances on the global ionosphere, with particular focus on interannual variabilities related to the solar cycles, the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO). The team will study vertical structures of these variabilities using International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) reanalysis data and satellite observations from the last two decades, including NASA's GRACE, NSF-sponsored COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 and COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7, and German Aerospace Center's CHAMP satellite instruments. They will derive the vertical structures of electron density related to the solar cycles, QBO, ENSO, and PDO using IRI reanalysis and satellite data and compare these observations with NCAR's TIME-GCM and WACCM-X standard simulations. The observed interannual variabilities will be diagnosed using tidal wave fluxes and machine-learning tools. The interannual variabilities in ionospheric electron density will be simulated using customized TIME-GCM and WACCM-X models to elucidate the chemo-dynamical connections of the ionosphere with solar electromagnetic changes and climate forcing. Thorough knowledge of the interannual impacts on the chemical and dynamical components can help to improve the space weather forecasts on monthly to decadal timescales.This project is co-funded through a collaboration between the Directorate for Geosciences and Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure to support AI/ML and open science activities in the geosciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电离层通过屏蔽宇宙射线，能量颗粒，X射线和极端紫外线来保护地球上的生命。电离层还可以通过反映无线电高频传输来实现通信。但是，由于天然量表上的自然变异性引起的干扰，例如太阳周期和来自上方的太阳耀斑，潮汐波和来自下面的人为CO2效应，可能会破坏电离层的稳定性，以及对平民活动的稳定性，例如导航，急诊服务，急诊服务，精确农场，精确农场和人工卫星系统。该项目研究了地面和卫星观测中的电离层变化，并使用最先进的模型更好地了解太阳电磁变化的影响以及气候强迫对电离层变化的可预测性的影响。将聘请本科研究助理使用机器学习工具来执行一些数据分析。将使用机器学习工具进行一些研究助理，以执行一些数据分析。 Annual field trips to a local national lab facility in Los Angeles for undergraduates will be taken to promote aeronomy sciences among under-represented groups in Southern California.The goal of this investment is to advance our understanding of the influence of solar and lower atmospheric disasters on the global ionosphere, with particular focus on interannual variabilities related to the solar cycles, the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), the El Niño-Southern振荡（ENSO）和太平洋十年振荡（PDO）。该团队将使用国际参考电离层（IRI）重新分析数据和卫星观测来研究这些变化的垂直结构，包括NASA的Grace，NSF赞助的宇宙/FormoSat-3和Cosmic-2/formosat-7，以及德国航空航天中心的Champ satellite Instruments。它们将使用IRI重新分析和卫星数据得出与太阳周期，QBO，ENSO和PDO相关的电子密度的垂直结构，并将这些观察结果与NCAR的Time-GCM和WACCM-X标准模拟进行比较。观察到的年际变化将使用潮汐通量和机器学习工具进行诊断。电离层电子密度的年度变化将使用自定义的Time-GCM和WACCM-X模型模拟，以阐明电离层的化学动力连接以及太阳能电磁变化和气候强迫。透彻了解对化学和动态成分的年度影响可以帮助改善每月至十年时间表的天气预测。该项目通过地球科学局与高级网络基础设施办公室之间的合作进行了共同的资金，以支持AI/ML的AI/ML和开放科学活动。基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响评论标准。