ExpandQISE: Track 1: Quantum Materials Temporal Analysis and Coherent Control using Atto metrology for Quantum Information Science

非技术描述：量子信息科学与工程（QISE）及其相关技术的发展即将到来。因此，扩展对量子电动力学的基本理解是至关重要的。该项目的目的是通过开发一种新技术来揭示阿秒尺度下的超快量子现象，该技术能够在GHz数据速率下以个位数阿秒或单粒子水平的精度检测和互相关波包。该项目利用了由Morehouse学院物理系、加州大学洛杉矶分校电气计算机工程和物理天文学系领导的多机构合作，以及斯坦福大学SLAC国家加速器实验室直线加速器相干光源的培训计划。该合作伙伴关系用于加强现有的努力，从STEM中代表性不足的群体中招募，保留和毕业本科生和研究生参与者，并帮助培养下一代量子科学家和工程师。技术描述：控制原子和分子以及凝聚态物理中的电子相干性是一个长期追求的目标。光激发路径可以被利用来相干地将光波包转变为电荷激发和电子相变，用于量子和神经形态计算。不幸的是，由于非相干涨落和退相干效应，相干性通常在极快的时间尺度中丢失，这是物质的某些（非平衡）状态所固有的。因此，测量和理解技术相关的量子材料的相干机制，例如，相关材料，如扭曲石墨烯和3D狄拉克半金属-是部署退相干缓解策略的关键第一步。该研究小组旨在开发的技术能够在广泛的物理系统中测量量子级去激发机制。作为一个模型系统，本研究探讨高次谐波产生作为一个突出的类型阿秒级电子动力系统。强关联材料中的高次谐波产生是在强激光场中通过非线性光学的量子相变产生超快光源。该项目可以通过实验验证关于高次谐波产生的量子性质的新兴理论，这是一个传统上通过（半）经典框架描述的过程。这项研究的更广泛影响超越了量子信息科学，为分子物理学、量子电动力学、相对论和非线性光学以及粒子物理学提供了一种新的变革工具。该项目由多学科活动办公室（OMA）共同资助，历史黑人学院和大学本科课程（HBCU-UP）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Non-technical Description:The development of Quantum information Science and Engineering (QISE) and associated technologies are on the horizon. Thus, expanding the fundamental understanding of quantum electrodynamics is critical. The interest of this project is to unveil the ultrafast quantum phenomena at the attosecond scale, by developing a new technique capable of detecting and cross-correlating wave-packets with single-digit attosecond or single-particle level accuracy at GHz data rates. This project leverages a multi-institutional collaboration led by the Physics department at Morehouse College, the Electrical & Computer Engineering and Physics & Astronomy departments at University of California, Los Angeles, and a traineeship program at the Linac Coherent Light Source under Stanford University’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. This partnership is used to strengthen the existing efforts to recruit, retain, and graduate undergraduate and graduate participants from underrepresented groups in STEM and help train the next generation of quantum scientists and engineers.Technical Description:Controlling electronic coherence in atomic and molecular, and condensed matter physics is a long-sought-after goal. Photo-excitation pathways can be exploited to coherently transmute light wave-packets into charge excitations and electronic phase transitions for quantum and neuromorphic computing. Unfortunately, coherence is usually lost in extremely fast timescales due to incoherent fluctuations and decoherence effects intrinsic to certain (nonequilibrium) states of matter. Thus, measuring and understanding the (de)coherence mechanisms of technologically relevant quantum materials—e.g., correlated materials such as twisted graphene and 3D Dirac semimetals — is a crucial first step to the deployment of decoherence mitigation strategies. The technology the research team aims to develop is capable of measuring quantum-level de/excitation mechanisms in a wide ensemble of physical systems. As a model system, this study investigates high-harmonic generation as one prominent type of attosecond-level electronic dynamical system. High-harmonic generation in strongly correlated materials generate ultrafast light source via quantum phase transition by nonlinear optics in strong laser fields. This project could experimentally verify emerging theory on the quantum nature of high-harmonic generation, a process that is traditionally described through (semi)classical frameworks. The broader impact of this study spans beyond Quantum information Science to render a new transformational tool in molecular physics, quantum electrodynamics, relativistic and nonlinearoptics, and particle physics.The project is co-funded by The Office of Multidisciplinary Activities (OMA), and the Historically Black Colleges and Universities Undergraduate Program (HBCU-UP).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.