Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Small: Supporting Privacy Negotiation Among Multiple Stakeholders in Smart Environments

物联网（IoT）设备越来越多地用于共享空间（例如，家庭、公寓、学校、医院、工作场所和城市），将这些空间转变为智能环境。这些环境中的不同利益相关者，包括智能设备的直接用户和非用户（如访客或旁观者），都有独特的隐私需求和期望。虽然先前的研究表明利益相关者之间存在冲突的证据，但关于利益相关者如何解决此类冲突并协商其隐私选择的调查较少。这个跨学科的项目是通过设计，开发和部署一个交互式系统来收集人们的真实隐私谈判行为，以调查智能环境中不同利益相关者的隐私谈判行为。该项目正在提供解决方案，帮助人们在各种智能环境中管理和协商他们的隐私，特别是当他们的隐私需求与他人的冲突时。研究结果还将为其他新兴技术（例如，虚拟现实和虚拟世界）。该项目超越了实验室设置，以调查和支持利益相关者在现实世界的智能环境中的隐私协商行为。为此，项目团队正在通过隐私的透镜作为“上下文完整性”来识别导致多个利益相关者群体和复杂智能环境中的隐私问题的上下文因素。它通过迭代设计和实现一种工具来捕获利益相关者在真实的世界中的隐私协商行为，该工具收集关于真实智能环境中的智能环境上下文和隐私协商行为的数据。最后，它正在开发一种数据驱动的方法，以支持现实世界中的隐私谈判，并通过实地研究评估其对不同利益相关者群体的长期影响。该团队通过公开分享使用开发的系统收集的匿名数据集、项目机器学习模型的功能和系统的工作原型，促进这项工作在未来扩展到其他新技术。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices are increasingly used in shared spaces (e.g., homes, apartments, schools, hospitals, workplaces, and cities), turning these spaces into smart environments. Different stakeholders in these environments, including both direct users of smart devices and non-users such as visitors or bystanders, have unique privacy needs and expectations. Although prior research shows evidence of conflicts among stakeholders, there has been less investigation regarding how stakeholders resolve such conflicts and negotiate their privacy options. This interdisciplinary project is investigating different stakeholders’ privacy negotiation behaviors in smart environments by designing, developing, and deploying an interactive system to collect people’s real-world privacy negotiation behaviors. The project is contributing solutions that help people manage and negotiate their privacy in various smart environments, especially when their privacy needs conflict with others’. The results will also inform privacy negotiations within other emerging technologies (e.g., virtual reality and the metaverse).This project moves beyond the lab setting to investigate and support stakeholders’ privacy negotiation behaviors in real-world smart environments. To do this, the project team is identifying contextual factors that lead to privacy concerns across multiple stakeholder groups and complex smart environments through the lens of privacy as “contextual integrity”. It is capturing stakeholders’ privacy negotiation behaviors in the real world by iteratively designing and implementing a tool that collects data on smart environmental contexts and privacy negotiation behaviors in real-world smart environments. Finally, it is developing a data-driven approach to support privacy negotiations in the real-world and evaluating its long-term impact on different stakeholder groups through field studies. The team is facilitating the future extension of this work to other new technologies by publicly sharing the anonymized dataset collected using the developed system, features of the project’s machine learning models, and a working prototype of the system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.