Collaborative Research: RAPID: Flooding and Geomorphic Change in Yellowstone National Park

合作研究：RAPID：黄石国家公园的洪水和地貌变化

• 批准号: 2234856
• 负责人: Andrew Wilcox
• 金额: $ 4.02万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2234856&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Flooding; Geomorphic

Extreme events such as floods threaten infrastructure, lives, and livelihoods, as well as altering landscapes and ecosystems. Climate change is increasing the frequency of such events and heightening the imperative to understand their drivers and landscape responses and to translate such understanding into hazards reduction. In mid-June 2022, extreme floods on the Yellowstone River and many of its tributaries in and around northern Yellowstone National Park were generated by an atmospheric river that delivered 2.5–10 cm of rain to high-elevation snowpack. Large rain-on-snow floods have created large and persistent channel changes in Yellowstone in the past, and they may become more common in a warming climate. The extreme June 2022 event provides a rare opportunity to examine its magnitude and effects on Yellowstone River tributaries. This project will support research experiences for five undergraduate students and one M.S. student and represents a new collaboration between primarily undergraduate-serving and very high research activity institutions. The project will contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning. The investigators will engage broad audiences through social media. Project findings will be incorporated into university classes.This research aims to reconstruct flood hydraulics and assess the hydrogeomorphic effects of the June 2022 event, to contextualize the impacts relative to previous extreme flooding events, and to inform geohazards planning at Yellowstone National Park. These goals will be accomplished by targeted field surveys, geomorphic change analysis over larger areas using repeat lidar, and hydraulic modeling. The investigators' efforts will focus on areas that are both well-suited to the research questions and have pre-flood data. Research objectives include estimating the hydraulics of the June 2022 flood and how the flood affected channel geometry and floodplain character, including incision and/or aggradation of Yellowstone River tributaries. The research is time sensitive and urgent because landscape changes induced by the floods are most evident in the immediate aftermath, before subsequent rainfall events in 2022 and the spring 2023 snowmelt runoff season further rework fluvial systems and floodplains. Further, rapid deployment will allow the team to contribute to National Park Service after-event analysis and planning.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地板等极端事件威胁着基础设施，生活和生计，并改变了景观和生态系统。气候变化正在增加此类事件的频率，并提高了了解其驱动因素和景观反应并将这种理解转化为危害减少的当务之急。在2022年6月中旬，黄石河上的极端地板及其在北黄石国家公园及其周围的许多支流是由一条大气河产生的，该河流向高海拔的雪堆运送了2.5-10厘米的雨水。过去，大雨的地板在过去造成了黄石公路的巨大持续通道变化，在温暖的气候下，它们可能变得越来越普遍。 2022年6月的极端活动提供了一个难得的机会，可以检查其对黄石河支流的幅度和影响。该项目将支持五个本科生和一所M.S.的研究经验。学生，代表了初级本科服务与非常高的研究活动机构之间的新合作。该项目将有助于国家公园管理局的事后分析和计划。调查人员将通过社交媒体吸引广泛的受众。项目发现将纳入大学课程。这项研究旨在重建洪水水力学并评估2022年6月事件的水晶效应，以将相对于以前的极端洪水事件的影响进行情境化，并为黄石国家公园的地球扎心计划提供信息。这些目标将通过有针对性的现场调查，使用重复激光雷达对较大区域的地貌变化分析和氢化模型来实现。调查人员的努力将集中在既适合研究问题又有液化前数据的领域。研究对象包括估计2022年6月的洪水的水力以及洪水如何影响渠道的几何形状和洪泛区特征，包括切口和/或黄石河支流的聚集。这项研究对时间敏感和紧急，因为地板引起的景观变化是最直接的事后证据，在2022年随后的降雨事件和2023年春季的降雨事件和2023年春季融化径流季节进一步返工河流系统和洪泛区。此外，快速部署将使团队能够为国家公园管理局（National Park Service）做出贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，认为通过评估被认为是珍贵的支持。