CAREER: Mechanics of Post-Wildfire Debris Flow and Transport

职业：野火后泥石流和运输的力学

• 批准号: 2238331
• 负责人: Ingrid Tomac
• 金额: $ 63.47万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2028-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2238331&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Mechanics; Post; Wildfire; Debris

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award addresses devastating impacts of post-wildfire debris flows on civil infrastructure. Climate change has led to an increase in wildfires, posing multi-hazard threats to communities and natural environments. After wildfires, soil on burned scars becomes water repellent, which causes rainwater runoff to rush down hills and erode soil, carrying heavy boulders and debris. There is an urgent need to evaluate post-wildfire debris flow and transport to protect communities’ welfare and prosperity, and natural resources in California and the United States. This award aims to develop novel methodologies and models of debris flow impact forces that will lead to better design and retrofit strategies for impacted civil infrastructure. The project supports the education of underrepresented high-school, undergraduate, and graduate students and motivates them to pursue interdisciplinary and STEM topics. This project connects stakeholders, such as soil scientists at the California Geological Survey (CGS) and Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER), eager to update their one-dimensional risk assessment models with the latest research findings. While students on this project spend time with CGS engineers and communicate with BAER teams, they have an opportunity to collect field reconnaissance data on post-wildfire mudflows location, local soil properties, weather, and infrastructure damage in quantitative forms, as well as thoughts, recommendations, and concerns from experts. Results from this project will significantly improve the safety of communities below burned scars, as well as the resilience of civil infrastructure against natural hazards.This project includes an integrated research and education plan that establishes urgently and critically needed procedures for assessing post-wildfire debris flow effects on communities through a fundamental, across-scale micro-to-macro evaluation of post-wildfire debris flow, transport, and impacts on civil infrastructure and buildings using coupled Discrete Element Model and Material Point Method. Novel physics-based rheology of water-air-particle mixes is integrated into general correlations between mudflow downhill velocity and significant changes in mixture composition related to various initial conditions. Impacts on civil infrastructure will be assessed and categorized to develop systematic approaches to mitigation strategies, structure strengthening, new design codes, and early warning systems. Research outcomes will secure resilient civil structures facing adverse climate change in high-risk wildfire areas.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖解决了野火后泥石流对民用基础设施的破坏性影响。气候变化导致野火增加，对社区和自然环境构成多种危害威胁。野火过后，烧过的伤疤上的土壤变得防水，这导致雨水径流冲下山坡，侵蚀土壤，携带沉重的巨石和碎片。迫切需要评估野火后的泥石流和交通，以保护社区的福利和繁荣，以及加州和美国的自然资源。该奖项旨在开发泥石流冲击力的新方法和模型，从而为受影响的民用基础设施提供更好的设计和改造策略。该项目支持代表性不足的高中，本科和研究生的教育，并激励他们追求跨学科和STEM主题。该项目连接利益相关者，如加州地质调查局（CGS）和烧伤地区应急响应（BAER）的土壤科学家，他们渴望用最新的研究结果更新他们的一维风险评估模型。当这个项目的学生花时间与CGS工程师和BAER团队沟通时，他们有机会收集有关野火后泥石流位置，当地土壤性质，天气和基础设施损坏的定量形式的现场勘测数据，以及专家的想法，建议和关注。该项目的成果将显著改善烧伤疤痕以下社区的安全，以及民用基础设施抵御自然灾害的能力。该项目包括一项综合研究和教育计划，该计划通过对野火后泥石流、交通、环境和自然灾害的基本、跨尺度微观到宏观评估，建立评估野火后泥石流对社区影响的迫切和急需的程序。以及对民用基础设施和建筑物的影响。新的物理为基础的水-空气-颗粒混合物的流变学被集成到泥流下坡速度和显着变化的混合物组成有关的各种初始条件之间的一般相关性。对民用基础设施的影响将进行评估和分类，以制定缓解战略、结构加固、新设计规范和预警系统的系统方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。