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Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Small: Expanding the Realm of Oblivious Transfer: New Tools for Cryptography

协作研究：SaTC：核心：小：扩展不经意传输的领域：密码学的新工具

基本信息

批准号：
2247352
负责人：
Peihan Miao
金额：
$ 25万
依托单位：
Brown University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-10-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2247352&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research SaTC CORE Small

项目摘要

Nowadays, vast amounts of individual information are collected by numerous entities for providing a variety of services. Due to the sensitive nature of the collected data, the need for developing techniques and tools that enable privacy-preserving computation on big data is more necessary than ever. This project aims to enhance the functionality, security, and efficiency of oblivious transfer (OT), a fundamental primitive in cryptography, with a broader goal of improving the efficiency and usability of cryptographic systems in both theory and practice, especially in the era of big data. The project's novelties are developing tools that play an integral role in the design of privacy-preserving protocols. Such protocols have societal benefits, enabling computation on sensitive data while keeping the data private. The project's impacts include achieving more efficient protocols for many important real-world applications and deepening our understanding of efficient constructions and fundamental limits in many areas in cryptography that are related to OT, such as secure multi-party computation, zero-knowledge proofs, advanced types of encryption and more. The investigators integrate their research results into curricula for both undergraduate and graduate level courses and are committed to mentoring and advising students at all levels, from undergraduate to PhD, especially those from under-represented groups in computing.The project focuses on three main thrusts to expand the realm of oblivious transfer. First, the investigators design efficient constructions of OT with advanced functionality and strengthened security, which can be better leveraged in cryptographic systems. These OT notions provide features for reducing communication and computation costs in various settings, making them indispensable tools in big-data applications. Second, the project investigates a specific MPC problem that has close connections to OT. In particular, using advanced OT tools, the investigators improve the efficiency and enrich the functionality of private set intersection (PSI) protocols, which have wide applications in practice. Finally, the project identifies and formalizes barriers that may exist against the above goals; this is carried out by proving lower bounds on the assumption complexity or efficiency of constructions for the above goals.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

如今，海量的个人信息被无数的实体收集起来，用于提供各种服务。由于收集的数据的敏感性，开发能够对大数据进行隐私保护计算的技术和工具的需求比以往任何时候都更加必要。该项目旨在增强不经意传输(OT)的功能、安全性和效率，这是密码学的基本原理，更广泛的目标是在理论和实践中提高密码系统的效率和可用性，特别是在大数据时代。该项目的创新之处在于开发了在隐私保护协议的设计中发挥不可或缺作用的工具。这类协议具有社会效益，可以在对敏感数据进行计算的同时保持数据的私密性。该项目的影响包括为许多重要的现实世界应用程序实现更高效的协议，并加深我们对密码学中与OT相关的许多领域的有效结构和基本限制的理解，例如安全多方计算、零知识证明、高级加密类型等。研究人员将他们的研究成果整合到本科和研究生课程的课程中，并致力于指导和建议各级学生，从本科生到博士，特别是那些在计算领域代表不足的学生。该项目专注于三个主要方面，以扩大不经意间迁移的领域。首先，研究人员设计了高效的OT结构，具有先进的功能和增强的安全性，可以更好地利用在密码系统中。这些OT概念提供了在各种环境下降低通信和计算成本的功能，使它们成为大数据应用程序中不可或缺的工具。其次，该项目调查了一个与OT有密切联系的特定MPC问题。特别是，研究人员使用先进的OT工具，提高了私有集交集(PSI)协议的效率，丰富了PSI协议的功能，这些协议在实践中有着广泛的应用。最后，该项目确定并正式确定了可能存在的阻碍上述目标的障碍；这是通过证明上述目标的假设复杂性或建设效率的下限来实现的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。