CAS: Heteroatom Dimer and Cluster Catalysis

在化学系化学催化项目的支持下，亚利桑那州立大学的Jingyue（Jimmy）Liu教授将研究用于重要分子化学转化的杂原子二聚体催化剂。催化在能源、环境和可持续性应用中发挥着重要作用。许多化学品制造和排放控制过程使用昂贵的贵金属作为催化剂来加速所需的化学反应。由于其丰度低、成本高，目前工业上的贵金属催化剂是不可持续的。开发更有效地利用这些金属的催化剂可以解决这个实际问题。单原子催化剂已被证明用于各种化学反应，但仍存在许多所需的化学反应，这些催化剂不能提供最佳性能。刘教授和他的研究团队正在开发精确设计的双原子催化剂，可以为单原子催化剂无法实现的化学反应提供所需的增强催化性能。该项目致力于研究催化剂催化性能的基本原理，并为其进一步开发提供设计工具，具有潜在的长期经济和环境效益的实际应用。更广泛的影响包括将研究结果纳入年度高分辨率电子显微镜冬季研讨会（主要由来自美国各地的研究生参加），研究生和本科生研究生的培训，通过科学和工程经验（SCENE）计划指导高中学生，致力于提供切割-这项由亚利桑那州立大学的Jingyue Liu教授领导的研究旨在发展对支持的杂原子二聚体协同催化的基本理解（例如PtPd、PtRh、PtCo、PtNi、PdCu、PtBi、PtSn和CoCu）。这些双原子位于孤立的超小金属氧化物岛（例如CeOx或CoOx）上，这些金属氧化物岛均匀分散在高表面积的坚固载体上。采用这种催化剂设计，预期紧密靠近放置的两种不同金属原子之间的相互作用可以提供独特的催化性质，其可以显著增强催化活性和/或增加所需反应产物的选择性。使用稳定的杂原子二聚体作为催化活性中心不仅使金属使用效率最大化，而且还可以调节它们的催化性能以用于所需的化学转化。这种催化剂设计策略使两种不同金属原子之间的相互作用成为可能，并为开发具有有利催化性能的稳定和明确定义的杂原子-二聚体或双原子催化剂开辟了设计空间。杂原子二聚体和双原子催化剂正在进行CO氧化、水煤气变换、重整和氢化反应的测试。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

With the support of the Chemical Catalysis program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Jingyue (Jimmy) Liu of Arizona State University will study heteroatom-dimer catalysts for chemical transformations of important molecules. Catalysis plays a significant role in energy, environment, and sustainability applications. Many chemical manufacturing and emission control processes use expensive precious metals as catalysts to accelerate desired chemical reactions. Because of their low abundance and high cost, the current industrial precious metal catalysts are not sustainable. The development of catalysts that make more efficient use of these metals may address this practical problem. Single-atom catalysts have been demonstrated for a variety of chemical reactions, but there remain many desired chemical reactions for which these catalysts do not provide optimum performance. Professor Liu and his research team are developing precision-designed dual atom catalysts that may provide the enhanced catalytic performance needed for those chemical reactions where single-atom catalysts do not. This project is addressing fundamental principles that govern the catalytic properties of catalysts and providing design tools for their further development, with potential long term practical applications of economic and environmental benefit. Broader impacts include incorporating research results in an annual Winter Workshop of High Resolution Electron Microscopy (attended primarily by graduate students from across the US), training of graduate and undergraduate research students, and mentoring of high school students through the SCience and ENgineering Experience (SCENE) program dedicated to providing cutting-edge science research experiences to high school students.This research led by Professor Jingyue Liu of Arizona State University aims to develop a fundamental understanding of synergistic catalysis by supported heteroatom dimers ( for example PtPd, PtRh, PtCo, PtNi, PdCu, PtBi, PtSn, and CoCu). These dual atoms are localized to isolated, ultra-small metal oxide islands (for example CeOx or CoOx) which are uniformly dispersed on high-surface-area, robust supports. With such a catalyst design, it is expected that the interaction between two different metal atoms, placed in close proximity, can provide for unique catalytic properties that may significantly enhance catalytic activity and/or increase selectivity of the desired reaction products. The use of stable heteroatom-dimers as catalytically-active centers not only maximizes metal usage efficiency but also makes it possible to tune their catalytic properties for desired chemical transformations. This catalyst design strategy enables interactions between two different metal atoms and opens up design space for developing stable and well-defined heteroatom-dimer or dual-atom catalysts that possess advantageous catalytic properties. The heteroatom-dimer and dual-atom catalysts are being tested for CO oxidation, water-gas shift, reforming, and hydrogenation reactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.