Microbial Consumption of Methanol in a Grassland

草原微生物对甲醇的消耗

• 批准号: 255179679
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Steffen Kolb
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Otto-Hahn-Institut)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/255179679?language=en
• 关键词: Microbial; Consumption; Methanol; Grassland

Grasslands are substantial global sources of methanol, which is a highly abundant and reactive volatile organic compound (VOC) in the troposphere. However, environmental physiology of soil microorganisms that impact on methanol flux in terrestrial ecosystems has largely not been investigated. Previous work of the applicant suggests that hitherto unknown soil bacteria are involved in ambient methanol oxidation of aerated soil. The proposed project will address aerobic and anaerobic methanol-utilizers (incl. Gram-positive bacteria and fungi) in temperate grassland. It will be tested with four abundant grassland plant species if those are associated with distinct soil and phyllosphere methanol utilizer communities employing stable isotope probing (SIP). Over a vegetation period, methanol flux and transcribed gene markers of active methanol utilizers will be assessed at the investigated grassland, and in a corroborative laboratory experiment the ratio of below-ground and above-ground methanol flux will be resolved. 14C tracer experiments will be used to localize activities in soil and plants. The identities of active anaerobic methanol utilizers will be resolved and their dependence on unusual trace nutrients (rare earth elements) will be experimentally determined. In collaboration with J. Williams (MPI Mainz) and A. Held (University Bayreuth) in situ fluxes of methanol will be measured by proton transfer mass spectrometry (PTR MS) aiming at correlation of flux data with in situ active microorganisms. The proposed work will set the stage for an upscaling of single-species physiology and distribution to ecosystem-level methanol flux in grassland.

草原是全球甲醇的重要来源，甲醇是对流层中一种高度丰富和活性的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)。然而，土壤微生物对陆地生态系统中甲醇通量的影响在很大程度上还没有被调查过。申请人之前的工作表明，迄今未知的土壤细菌参与了充气土壤的环境甲醇氧化。拟议的项目将涉及好氧和厌氧甲醇利用率(包括。温带草原的革兰氏阳性细菌和真菌)。如果四种丰富的草原植物与不同的土壤和叶圈甲醇利用群落有关，将使用稳定同位素探测(SIP)对其进行测试。在一段植被时期内，将在调查的草原上评估甲醇通量和活跃的甲醇利用率的转录基因标记，并在确证的实验室实验中确定地下和地上甲醇通量的比率。将使用14C示踪实验来定位土壤和植物中的活动。活跃的厌氧甲醇利用者的身份将被解决，他们对不寻常的微量营养物质(稀土元素)的依赖性将被实验确定。在与J.Williams(MPI Mainz)和A.Hold(拜罗伊特大学)的合作下，将用质子转移质谱仪(PTR MS)测量甲醇的原位通量，目的是将通量数据与原位活性微生物相关联。拟议的工作将为扩大单一物种的生理和分布到生态系统水平的草原甲醇通量奠定基础。