Transient Physicochemical Properties of Nanomaterials

纳米材料的瞬态物理化学性质

• 批准号: 2305121
• 负责人: Richard Schaller
• 金额: $ 42.5万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-12-15 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2305121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Transient; Physicochemical; Properties; Nanomaterials

With support from the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Richard Schaller from Northwestern University will investigate crystal lattices, surfaces, and surface ligand behavior of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles to advance understanding of their physicochemical properties. Semiconductor and metal particles with nanometer-scale features offer beneficial attributes that can be exploited for solid-state lighting, displays and photovoltaics to bio/chem sensors. The studies of this research project will experimentally elucidate equilibrium- and time-evolution of key properties under conditions that either push nanomaterials to performance limits or expressly target particle fusion. This project will support training for future researchers in areas of advanced experimental methods and data analysis and offers advances in communal knowledge regarding promising materials systems. Research methods and findings from the lab will be incorporated into the classroom and presented in public venues. Member of the Schiller group will engage in outreach to community colleges and public schools.The response of nanoparticles and surface ligands to intense excitation and elevated temperature, whether pulsed or sustained, impacts optoelectronic characteristics as well as influences the solid produced during additive manufacturing. Planned studies aim to both evaluate this impact but more importantly offer insights as to evolution of such systems using approaches spanning transient x-ray diffraction and stimulated Raman to selected area electron diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance for a range of excitation conditions. The proposed effort seeks to evaluate processes and relevance of ligand re-partitioning, surface activity, lattice disordering, de-mixing of particular compositions, and evolution of phonon distributions. Insights can offer means to increase stability of as-designed nanoparticles to extreme conditions or conversely facilitate incorporation into a sintering ensemble of particles. Several earth abundant and low toxicity compositions will be investigated. The overall objective is to discern and learn to predict how nanoparticle structure and chemical ligand motif impact static and dynamic physicochemical properties under technologically relevant conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在化学系大分子、超分子和纳米化学项目的支持下，来自西北大学的Richard Schaller教授将研究半导体和金属纳米颗粒的晶格、表面和表面配体行为，以促进对其物理化学性质的理解。具有纳米级特征的半导体和金属颗粒提供了有益的属性，可以用于固态照明，显示器和光伏到生物/化学传感器。本研究项目的研究将通过实验阐明在将纳米材料推向性能极限或明确目标粒子融合的条件下关键特性的平衡和时间演化。该项目将支持在先进实验方法和数据分析领域培训未来的研究人员，并提供有关有前途的材料系统的公共知识的进展。实验室的研究方法和发现将被纳入课堂并在公共场所展示。席勒小组的成员将参与社区学院和公立学校的外展活动。纳米颗粒和表面配体对强激发和高温的响应，无论是脉冲的还是持续的，都会影响光电特性以及增材制造过程中产生的固体。计划中的研究旨在评估这种影响，但更重要的是，通过使用跨越瞬态x射线衍射和受激拉曼到选定区域电子衍射和核磁共振的方法，为这种系统的演变提供见解。本研究旨在评估配体再分配、表面活性、晶格无序、特定成分的分离以及声子分布演化的过程和相关性。洞察可以提供方法来提高设计的纳米颗粒在极端条件下的稳定性，或者反过来促进颗粒的烧结。将研究几种地球丰度高、毒性低的成分。总体目标是辨别和学习预测纳米颗粒结构和化学配体基序如何在技术相关条件下影响静态和动态物理化学性质。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。