DISES: Coevolutionary dynamics of humans and maize in the Americas

疾病：美洲人类和玉米的共同进化动态

• 批准号: 2307175
• 负责人: Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra
• 金额: $ 159.97万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307175&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISES; Coevolutionary; dynamics; humans; maize

Corn, or maize, originated in the Americas but is now the most productive crop in the world, used for food, animal feed, fuel, and industrial manufacturing. Unlike some cultures that cultivated a broad array of staple crops, many indigenous peoples in the Americas relied primarily on maize. The survival and growth of many human populations and economies in the Americas was tied to the success of their maize crop, and many indigenous origin stories even posit that humans were literally created from maize. In turn, maize population growth and dispersal were dependent on human cultivation, and the modern maize form is the result of thousands of years of human selection for dietary, cultural, and economic needs. An interdisciplinary team of geneticists and archaeologists will synthesize publicly available data on humans and maize in the Americas and develop and apply novel analytical approaches to understand their entwined history. Previous studies of the relationship between humans and their domesticated plants and animals have been largely one-sided, but the approaches developed in this project will provide other researchers the tools to explicitly study the interactions driving such systems. These events occur and will be studied in the context of changing environments. Researchers will incorporate these interdisciplinary approaches into an educational video game for K-12 students that includes lessons on genetics, archaeology, and botany. The project will combine existing approaches with newly developed methodologies for co-estimating dispersal and demographic shifts to build co-evolutionary models and test specific a priori hypotheses about the evolution of humans and maize. Combining population genetics with archaeological data, researchers will reconstruct histories of admixture and population size change to how maize enabled human population and cultural change and how human movement and economic exchange patterned the dispersal of maize. Phylogenetic comparison of indigenous linguistic data to maize genetic data will further evaluate the impact of human culture and economy in patterning maize diversity, and researchers will use additional genetic, archaeological, and morphological data to test hypotheses about reciprocal cultural and genetic changes in each species.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

玉米或玉米起源于美洲，但现在是世界上最有生产力的农作物，用于食品，动物饲料，燃料和工业制造业。与一些培养大量主食作物的文化不同，美洲的许多土著人民主要依赖玉米。美洲许多人口和经济的生存和成长与他们的玉米作物的成功息息相关，许多土著起源故事甚至认为人类是从玉米中创造的。反过来，玉米人口的增长和散布取决于人类的培养，现代玉米形式是数千年来饮食，文化和经济需求的数千年人类选择的结果。遗传学家和考古学家的跨学科团队将综合有关美洲人类和玉米的公开数据，并开发和采用新颖的分析方法来了解其纠缠的历史。先前关于人类与其驯化动植物之间关系的研究基本上是单方面的，但是该项目中开发的方法将为其他研究人员提供明确研究驱动此类系统的相互作用的工具。这些事件发生并将在不断变化的环境中进行研究。 研究人员将将这些跨学科方法纳入为K-12学生的教育视频游戏中，其中包括遗传学，考古学和植物学课程。该项目将将现有方法与新开发的方法相结合，用于共同估计分散和人口统计学变化，以构建共同进化模型，并检验有关人类和玉米进化的特定先验假设。 将人口遗传学与考古数据相结合，研究人员将重建混合物和人口规模的历史，变成玉米使人口和文化变革以及人类运动和经济交流如何使玉米散布的模式化。将土著语言数据与玉米遗传数据的系统发育比较将进一步评估人类文化和经济在模式的玉米多样性中的影响，研究人员将使用其他遗传，考古学和形态数据来测试对群体文化和遗传变化的假设，以反映NSF的构建范围，这是NSF的构建范围的范围。审查标准。