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CAREER: Coevolutionary Community Dynamics of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixing Associations

职业：共生固氮协会的共同进化群落动态

基本信息

批准号：
1943628
负责人：
Maren Friesen
金额：
$ 96.96万
依托单位：
Washington State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1943628&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Coevolutionary Community Dynamics Symbiotic

项目摘要

Everything in our world is covered in complex communities of microorganisms called microbiomes. These microbiomes are important for human health, clean environments, and productive crops. Since they are much smaller than their hosts, microorganisms can evolve much faster. Within the microbiomes, some theoretical models predict that faster evolution will result in microorganisms that cause more severe disease, whereas other models predict that faster evolution will cause beneficial microorganisms to become even more beneficial. Understanding when each of these outcomes occurs will be important for coming up with strategies to manage microbiomes. This project will use coevolutionary theoretical models to understand how communities of microorganisms that colonize the roots of clover plants interact and evolve. Clover is a relative of many crop plants such as beans, alfalfa, and chickpeas, and this information can be used to improve agricultural yield and soil health. Students will be trained in methods to study these microorganisms and will isolate strains, analyze genomes and physiology, and measure ecological interactions. The project will recruit underserved Native American students in the Pacific Northwest. This project will also produce a coevolutionary video game that will combine outreach and education with research. A symposium bringing together student researchers, empiricists, and theoreticians will catalyze transformative research in this rapidly moving field.Host-associated microbial communities are key mediators of host traits and ecosystem processes, and a scientific frontier is understanding how these communities interact and coevolve in nature. Clover nodule-associated microorganismal communities are an ideal model system to study these processes. This project has three key elements: (1) an accessible field system at Bodega Bay, amenable to the collection of long-term data on both hosts and associated microorganisms, (2) the ability to bring key players into the lab to measure the molecular basis of host-microorganism and microorganism-microorganism interactions, assess patterns of fitness covariance, and conduct experimental coevolution, and (3) mathematical models that can be parameterized with empirical data to predict community assembly and coevolutionary dynamics. The project will address (1) how asymmetries in evolutionary rates influence coevolution in complex communities, (2) scenarios in which 'Red Queen' dynamics–arms races between antagonists–outpace 'Red King' dynamics, where rapidly-evolving mutualists evolve costly traits that enhance host fitness, and (3) how multi-partite interactions influence host benefit and specialization. By linking empirical measurements over varying evolutionary timescales to mathematical models, this project will potentially generate insight into general properties of complex coevolving host-associated communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

我们世界上的一切都被称为微生物组的复杂微生物群落所覆盖。这些微生物组对于人类健康、清洁环境和高产作物非常重要。由于微生物比宿主小得多，因此它们的进化速度要快得多。在微生物组中，一些理论模型预测，更快的进化将导致微生物引起更严重的疾病，而其他模型则预测，更快的进化将导致有益的微生物变得更加有益。了解这些结果何时发生对于制定微生物组管理策略非常重要。该项目将使用共同进化理论模型来了解定植于三叶草植物根部的微生物群落如何相互作用和进化。三叶草是豆类、苜蓿和鹰嘴豆等许多农作物的近亲，这些信息可用于提高农业产量和土壤健康。学生将接受研究这些微生物的方法的培训，并分离菌株、分析基因组和生理学以及测量生态相互作用。该项目将招募太平洋西北地区服务不足的美国原住民学生。该项目还将制作一款将推广、教育与研究结合起来的共同进化视频游戏。学生研究人员、经验学家和理论家齐聚一堂的研讨会将促进这一快速发展领域的变革性研究。与宿主相关的微生物群落是宿主特征和生态系统过程的关键媒介，科学前沿是了解这些群落在自然界中如何相互作用和共同进化。三叶草根瘤相关的微生物群落是研究这些过程的理想模型系统。该项目具有三个关键要素：(1) 博德加湾的可访问现场系统，适合收集宿主和相关微生物的长期数据，(2) 能够将关键参与者带入实验室，测量宿主-微生物和微生物-微生物相互作用的分子基础，评估适应度协方差模式，并进行实验协同进化，(3) 可以用经验数据参数化来预测群落组装和共同进化动态。该项目将解决（1）进化速率的不对称如何影响复杂群落中的共同进化，（2）“红皇后”动态（对手之间的军备竞赛）超过“红王”动态的场景，其中快速进化的共生体进化出提高宿主适应度的昂贵特征，以及（3）多方相互作用如何影响宿主利益和专业化。通过将不同进化时间尺度的经验测量与数学模型联系起来，该项目将有可能深入了解复杂的共同进化宿主相关群落的一般属性。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。