Linear and Nonlinear Tides in Coalescing Binary Neutron Stars

该项目由引力物理计划和刺激竞争性研究的既定计划（EPSCoR）共同资助。潮汐相互作用导致月球总是以同一侧面对地球，也影响了双星中子星（BNS）的合并，在双星的引力波（GW）信号上留下了明显的印记。LIGO和Virgo发现的BNS事件GW 190817证明了研究BNS潮汐的巨大科学潜力。该奖项将支持基于第一原理理论及其对GW观测的影响研究BNS中的潮汐相互作用。它还将促进对研究生进行最先进的分析和计算方法的培训，为美国的STEM劳动力做出贡献。除了科学研究，还将开展外联活动，让妇女和其他代表性不足的少数群体参与STEM领域。为了推进描述潮汐相互作用的分析模型，将考虑非线性水动力相互作用，称为非线性潮汐。这将涉及到扩展到本征模式的扰动流体运动，并考虑这些模式之间的非线性耦合。模式的演变，然后将与GW驱动的轨道衰变耦合。有人建议，将非线性潮汐可能会提高牛顿阶潮汐计算的基础上的分析模型和数值相对论模拟之间的协议。计算将被扩展到后牛顿的订单，产生随时适用的模板GW数据分析和比较与数值相对论。此外，将进一步探讨中子星星自旋和双星偏心率的结合。该项目期间开发的某些计算工具将在网上公开，促进合作和促进科学进步。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

This project is jointly funded by the Gravitational Physics program and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR). Tidal interactions, which result in the Moon always facing the Earth with the same side, also impact the coalescence of binary neutron stars (BNSs), leaving a noticeable imprint on the gravitational wave (GW) signal of the binary. The discovery of the BNS event GW190817 by LIGO and Virgo has demonstrated the immense scientific potential of studying tides in BNSs. This award will support research into investigating tidal interactions in BNSs based on first-principle theories and their implications for GW observations. It will also facilitate the training of a graduate student in state-of-the-art analytical and computational methods, contributing to the STEM workforce in the United States. In addition to scientific research, outreach activities will be developed to engage women and other underrepresented minorities in STEM fields. To advance analytical models describing tidal interactions, nonlinear hydrodynamical interactions, referred to as nonlinear tides, will be taken into account. This will involve expanding the perturbed fluid motion into eigenmodes and considering the nonlinear couplings among these modes. The evolution of the modes will then be coupled with the GW-driven orbital decay. It has been suggested that incorporating nonlinear tides may enhance the agreement between analytical models and numerical relativity simulations based on tidal calculations at the Newtonian order. The calculations will be extended to post-Newtonian orders, resulting in readily applicable templates for GW data analysis and comparison with numerical relativity. Additionally, the incorporation of neutron star spins and binary eccentricities will be further explored. Certain computational tools developed during this project will be made publicly accessible online, fostering collaboration and facilitating scientific advancements.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.