RUI: Quantum State Control for Ultracold Atoms

RUI：超冷原子的量子态控制

• 批准号: 2309331
• 负责人: Hilary Hurst
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: San Jose State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-15 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2309331&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Quantum; State; Control; Ultracold

Advances in quantum sensing, communications, and quantum simulation offer a new way forward for technology, surpassing the limitations of present-day devices. The true advantages of quantum technologies - such as enhanced sensing - can only be realized in systems with a high degree of quantum entanglement. Entanglement is a fundamental property of quantum systems that enables information to be stored across spatially separated quantum systems. This project seeks to understand new ways of controlling these fragile systems, thus making entanglement more useful and robust. The project will achieve this research goal by theoretically exploring new types of measurement models, called ‘weak measurements’ in a variety of physical systems. The project serves the national interest by contributing to the progress of science and the development of new technologies based on quantum many-body physics. This award will provide resources to support several undergraduate research assistants from the diverse student body of San José State University. Undergraduate students will engage with the research aims, building research skills in the theory of atomic, molecular, and optical systems, scientific computing, analytical modeling and data analysis. The predominant approach toward creating highly entangled systems has been isolation: remove all environmental disturbances and protect the system as much as possible. Although successful, this approach is hard to scale up. This research program instead manipulates quantum systems via weak measurement and feedback to engineer new quantum states of ultracold atoms, moving beyond fragile, highly isolated systems to more robust many-body quantum simulators. Weak measurement enables an observer to extract some information about a quantum system while only partially disturbing it, but there is little understanding of how this process affects ultracold atomic systems with their own internal dynamics. Furthermore, feedback control has scarcely been implemented in the many-particle context. This proposal theoretically investigates ‘quantum state control’ protocols for ultracold atoms, starting with spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) and extending to systems beyond mean-field theory. Ultracold atoms are an ideal platform for this research because they are highly controllable and well suited to weak measurement and feedback control. Incorporating measurement and feedback into the quantum control theory toolbox for ultracold atomic systems would be a transformative advance forward in AMO theory. The project extends theoretical work by the PI via three research aims: (1) to demonstrate dynamical creation of new magnetic phenomena in spinor BECs, (2) to extend quantum feedback control beyond mean-field to fermionic lattice systems, and (3) to study the potential of weak measurement and feedback for entanglement generation. Each aim focuses on a different one-dimensional physical system united by a common theoretical framework for quantum control in ultracold atomic systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子敏感性，通信和量子模拟的进步为技术提供了一种新的方向，超过了当今设备的局限性。量子技术的真正优势（例如增强的感官）只能在具有高度量子纠缠的系统中实现。纠缠是量子系统的基本属性，可以在空间分离的量子系统中存储信息。该项目试图了解控制这些脆弱系统的新方法，从而使纠缠更有用和稳健。该项目将通过理论上探索新型的测量模型，即各种物理系统中称为“弱测量”。该项目通过为科学进步和基于量子多体物理学的新技术的发展做出贡献而为国​​家的利益服务。该奖项将为支持圣何塞州立大学潜水员学生团体的几位本科研究助理提供资源。本科生将参与研究目标，在原子，分子和光学系统，科学计算，分析建模和数据分析中建立研究技能。建立高度纠缠系统的主要方法是孤立：消除所有环境灾难并尽可能保护系统。尽管成功，但这种方法很难扩大。相反，研究计划通过弱测量和对工程师的超低原子的新量子状态来操纵量子系统，超越了脆弱的，高度孤立的系统，以更加可靠的多体量子模拟器。弱测量使观察者能够在仅部分干扰量子系统的同时提取有关量子系统的一些信息，但是对该过程如何用自己的内部动力学影响超低原子系统。此外，在许多粒子环境中几乎没有实施反馈控制。该提案理论研究了超低原子的“量子状态控制”方案，从纺纱子 - 贝恩斯坦冷凝物（BEC）开始，并扩展到均值场理论之外的系统。超电原子是该研究的理想平台，因为它们是高度控制的，并且非常适合弱测量和反馈控制。将测量和反馈纳入超低原子系统的量子控制理论工具箱将是AMO理论中的变革性前进。该项目通过三个研究的目的扩展了PI的理论工作：（1）证明旋转BEC中新的磁现象的动态创造，（2）以将量子反馈控制扩展到纤毛晶格系统之外，以及（3）研究纠缠范围内的弱测量和反馈的潜力。每个目标都集中在超级原子体系中量子控制的共同理论框架中的不同一维物理系统上。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响来审查标准。