RUI: Holography of Balls, Branes, and Baryons

该RUI奖资助了纽约州立大学老韦斯特伯里分校马修·利珀特教授的研究活动。在过去的二十年里，弦理论已经发展成为一种强大的工具，用于解决从高温超导体中的电子到中子星的超密核心等广泛系统中的挑战性问题。关键的工具是“二元性”，这是对同一物理系统的两种截然不同的描述之间的转换。因此，对偶性使弦理论能够将许多其他棘手的问题重新表述为可以用简单得多的计算来回答的问题。作为他研究的一部分，Lippert教授将进行几个研究项目，使用弦理论模型来调查在各种跨学科背景下出现的开放性问题。这项研究通过在弦理论、核物理、天体物理和凝聚态物理之间建立广泛的跨学科联系，促进了科学进步的国家利益。这样的桥梁使不同物理领域之间的思想和技术交流成为可能，丰富和推进了所有这些领域。此外，这项RUI拨款将加强纽约州立大学老韦斯特伯里分校的本科物理研究，这是一所非常多元化的，联邦政府认可的少数族裔服务机构，拥有大量黑人和西班牙裔人口。利珀特教授将让来自代表性严重不足的群体的学生参与他的研究，让他们获得宝贵的经验，提高他们的实际定量和计算技能，并获得对实际科学如何进行的动手欣赏。更具体地说，本研究使用规范/重力对偶性来研究强耦合量子场理论中的开放问题，围绕三个主题组织。利用全息探针膜模型，探讨了强相互作用费米子的物理性质和球面缺陷上的量子霍尔效应。预计拓扑结构和边界的缺乏将导致与平面系统明显不同的行为。人们对中子星核心的冷、致密核物质的行为知之甚少，将使用量子光盘的全息模型进行研究。现实地、可追溯地将重子包括在QCD全息模型中仍然是一个挑战。量子系统中的远平衡动力学将使用全息方法进行研究。超快技术的进步导致了对量子电子系统的前所未有的控制，产生了一系列新的现象。本文研究了由周期性驱动引起的非平衡稳态的非平衡动力学。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This RUI award funds the research activities of Professor Matthew Lippert at SUNY Old Westbury.Over the past two decades, string theory has developed into a powerful tool for attacking challenging problems in a wide range of systems, from electrons in high-temperature superconductors to the ultra-dense cores of neutron stars. The key tool is "duality", a translation between two very different descriptions of the same physical system. As such, dualities enable string theory to rephrase many otherwise intractable problems into the form of questions that can be answered with vastly simpler calculations. As part of his research, Professor Lippert will conduct several research projects which use string theory models to investigate open questions arising in a variety of interdisciplinary contexts. This research advances the national interest of promoting scientific progress by forging broad interdisciplinary connections between string theory, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and condensed matter physics. Such bridges enable the exchange of ideas and techniques between different fields of physics, enriching and advancing them all. Furthermore, this RUI grant will enhance undergraduate physics research at SUNY Old Westbury, an exceptionally diverse, federally recognized minority-serving institution, with large Black and Hispanic populations. Professor Lippert will involve students from severely underrepresented groups in his research, allowing them to acquire valuable experience, to improve their practical quantitative and computing skills, and to gain a hands-on appreciation for how actual science is done. More specifically, this research uses gauge/gravity duality to investigate open questions in strongly coupled quantum field theories, organized around three topics. The physics of strongly interacting fermions and the quantum Hall effect on a spherical defect will be explored using a holographic probe brane model. The topology and the lack of boundary are predicted to result in significantly different behavior compared with a planar system. The poorly understood behavior of cold, dense nuclear matter at the core of neutron stars will be investigated using holographic models of QCD. Realistically and tractably including baryons in holographic models of QCD continues to be a challenge. Far-from-equilibrium dynamics within quantum systems will be studied using holographic methods. Advances in ultra-fast techniques have resulted in unprecedented control of quantum electronic systems, yielding a range of novel phenomena. This research investigates the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of non-equilibrium steady states resulting from periodic driving.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.