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Ultra Wideband Radar for Environmental Polarimetric Observation and Scattering Analysis

用于环境偏振观测和散射分析的超宽带雷达

基本信息

批准号：
255934852
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Reiner Thomä
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Elektronische Messtechnik und Signalverarbeitung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/255934852?language=en
关键词：
Ultra Wideband Radar Environmental Polarimetric

项目摘要

The Ultra EPOS project addresses polarimetry in ultra wideband (UWB) radar applications. UWB radars are well known for their excellent time resolution in short range localization, tracking and imaging applications. However, exploitation of UWB polarimetric information is still in its infancy despite the fact that the polarimetry is renowned in the field of narrowband SAR remote sensing (earth observation satellites, airborne imaging systems). The main goal of this project is to fill in this gap and to bring advantages of polarimetry into the field of UWB radars as well. UWB polarimetry is anticipated to provide more detailed information about targets and structures such as shape, orientation (edges, corners), material composition or surface roughness. In contrast to the classical remote sensing methods which analyse polarimetric information in the image (focused) domain, UWB polarimetric signal processing may already be applied in the measurement (time) domain. The large bandwidth of UWB sensors allows temporal separation of measured polarimetric signal components. Therefore, signal features can be assigned to a specific scattering process already in the time domain. This will significantly influence imaging techniques, object detection methods and polarimetric filters that can amplify or suppress specific signal components. Polarimetric processing will enable improvement of clutter filtering and support exploitation of multipath reflections from the environment to enhance scene illumination. In our assumed scenarios, transmitters and receivers are in a multistatic arrangement. They can be moved along arbitrary tracks in order to gain spatial diversity by illuminating and observing targets and environmental structures from different multistatic angles. The resulting geometric constellation is completely different from what we know in classical remote sensing and requires new methods for exploitation of UWB polarimetric information in imaging and detection. The new UWB polarimetric imaging algorithms will be based on models that represent different polarimetric fingerprints. This allows the construction of distinct images form the respective object model classes. In this way clutter will be reduced. Data fusion of multiple partial images will lead to a clearer overall image of the target object and allow more reliable interpretation on target shape, material composition and surface structure. We consider two complementary scenarios. The first scenario encompasses solitary target objects. We perform extensive measurements of selected objects in order to obtain a library of basic polarimetric fingerprints that are not influenced by a disturbing clutter due to the environment (walls, other objects). In a second realistic indoor scenario this target-to-environment interaction shall be exploited to obtain more information about the target (multipath exploitation) and to improve detection and imaging performance.

Ultra EPOS项目致力于超宽带（UWB）雷达应用中的偏振测量。超宽带雷达在短距离定位、跟踪和成像等应用中以其优异的时间分辨率而闻名。然而，超宽带极化信息的开发仍处于起步阶段，尽管事实上，极化是著名的窄带SAR遥感领域（地球观测卫星，机载成像系统）。本项目的主要目标是填补这一空白，并将极化测量的优势带入超宽带雷达领域。UWB偏振测量预计将提供有关目标和结构的更详细的信息，例如形状，方向（边缘，角落），材料成分或表面粗糙度。与在图像（聚焦）域中分析极化信息的经典遥感方法相比，UWB极化信号处理可能已经应用于测量（时间）域。UWB传感器的大带宽允许测量的极化信号分量的时间分离。因此，可以将信号特征分配给已经在时域中的特定散射过程。这将显著影响成像技术、目标检测方法和可以放大或抑制特定信号分量的偏振滤波器。极化处理将能够改善杂波滤波，并支持利用来自环境的多径反射来增强场景照明。在我们假设的场景中，发射器和接收器处于多基地布置中。它们可以沿着任意轨道移动，以便通过从不同的多基地角度照明和观察目标和环境结构来获得空间多样性。由此产生的几何星座是完全不同的，我们知道在经典的遥感，需要新的方法来开发UWB极化信息的成像和检测。新的UWB极化成像算法将基于代表不同极化指纹的模型。这允许从相应的对象模型类构造不同的图像。这样，将减少杂波。多个部分图像的数据融合将导致目标对象的更清晰的整体图像，并允许对目标形状、材料组成和表面结构进行更可靠的解释。我们考虑两种互补的情况。第一种情况包括单独的目标物体。我们对选定的对象进行广泛的测量，以获得一个基本的偏振指纹库，这些指纹不受环境（墙壁，其他物体）造成的干扰干扰的影响。在第二个真实的室内场景中，应利用这种目标与环境的相互作用来获取有关目标的更多信息（多路径利用）并提高检测和成像性能。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A small-angle approximation for bistatic polarimetry

双基地偏振测量的小角度近似

DOI：
10.1109/eucap.2016.7481197
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)
影响因子：
0
作者：
T. Dallmann;M. Röding;D. Heberling;R. S. Thomä
通讯作者：
R. S. Thomä

Fully polarimetrie wideband RCS measurements for small drones

适用于小型无人机的全偏振宽带 RCS 测量

DOI：
10.23919/eucap.2017.7928726
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP)
影响因子：
0
作者：
M. Röding;G. Sommerkorn;S. Häfner;R. Müller;R. S. Thomä;J. Goerlich;K. Garhammer
通讯作者：
K. Garhammer

Polarimetric covariance matrix processing for target discrimination in time domain

用于时域目标辨别的偏振协方差矩阵处理