Quantification in Old Italian

古意大利语的量化

• 批准号: 256240798
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Guido Mensching
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Romanische Sprachen und Literaturen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/256240798?language=en
• 关键词: Quantification; Old; Italian

The aim of the project, implemented in April 2015, is to analyze the Old Italian (OI, =Old Florentine) quantifier system. This system is known (i) to diverge from the Modern Italian system and (ii) to display phenomena that are of a general theoretical interest. In the first part of the project (ending in March 2017), we have extracted around 4.200 examples containing the quantifiers niente, neuno, alcuno, veruno, tutto, nullo, nessuno from the OVI Corpus of Old Italian. These data were fed into data tables, classified, and analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. To give only a few examples of our results, which we presented in a large number of talks and one published article, we were able to analyze the use of cosa 'thing' as a kind of light noun combining with several quantifiers; alcuno 'some(one)' functioned as a negative polarity item in OI and interacted with negation and negative quantifiers in an intricate way. Our investigation of negative elements or n-words has shown that they can have different interpretations according to different structural positions. To understand these properties, we had to reexamine the mechanisms of negation in OI. In this context, we managed to show, among others, that what is usually described as Old Romance optional negative concord is only apparent in OI.As for the database under construction, we classified all data along a grid of certain syntactic and semantic properties of the quantifiers and the sentences in which they are embedded; these properties are expressed by a series of labels (tags). We have initiated a cooperation with G. Di Nunzio of the University of Padua, who is implementing our tagset into the database system used for the Syntactic Atlas of Italy (ASIt), and we are beginning to export our data to this system.The prolongation of the project aims at completing the empirical overview we started acquiring by gathering around 7.500 samples of the remaining quantifiers (mainly molto, parecchio; distributive quantifiers such as ogni, chiunque, ciascun, catun; and existential quantifiers of the type qual-X) and to implement them into the ASIt database system, together with the data we already have (goal 1). Thanks to the specific tagging we developed, these data will be evaluated to answer a large series of research questions concerning the syntax, the semantics and the pragmatics of OI quantifiers (goal 2). From the theoretical point of view, we aim at analyzing the internal structure of OI QPs, including issues of word-order alternations and discontinuity (goal 3), and at analyzing the internal structure of Q heads and the evolution of the OI quantifier system in general across the three periods we have defined (goal 4). Finally, we will investigate whether (and how) OI Qs can be analyzed compositionally (goal 5), and what changes have occurred so as to yield the MI system (goal 6).

该项目于2015年4月实施，旨在分析古意大利语（OI，=古佛罗伦萨语）量词系统。这个系统是已知的（i）从现代意大利的系统和（ii）显示的现象，是一个普遍的理论兴趣。在项目的第一部分（2017年3月结束）中，我们从OVI古意大利语语料库中提取了大约4200个包含量词niente，neuno，alcuno，veruno，tutto，nullo，nessuno的例子。这些数据被输入数据表，分类，并进行定量和定性分析。仅举几个例子，我们的结果，我们提出了大量的会谈和一篇发表的文章，我们能够分析使用cosa“的东西”作为一种轻名词结合几个量词; alcuno“一些（一个）”作为一个负极性项目在OI和互动的否定和否定量词在一个复杂的方式。我们对否定成分或否定词的研究表明，它们可以根据不同的结构位置而有不同的解释。为了理解这些属性，我们必须重新审视OI中的否定机制。在这种情况下，我们设法表明，除其他外，通常被描述为旧浪漫可选的否定一致性是唯一明显的OI。至于正在建设的数据库，我们分类所有数据沿着网格的某些句法和语义属性的量词和句子中，他们被嵌入;这些属性表示的一系列标签（标签）。我们已经开始与G. Di Nunzio博士，他正在将我们的标记集实现到用于意大利句法地图集（ASIt）的数据库系统中，我们开始将我们的数据导出到该系统中。该项目的延长旨在完成我们通过收集剩余量词的大约7.500个样本而开始获得的实证概述（主要是molto，parecchio;分配量词，如ogni，chiunque，ciascun，catun;以及qual-X类型的存在量词），并将它们与我们已经拥有的数据一起实现到ASIt数据库系统中（目标1）。由于我们开发的特定标记，这些数据将被评估，以回答一系列关于OI量词的句法，语义和语用的研究问题（目标2）。从理论的角度来看，我们的目标是分析的内部结构的OI数量词，包括词序的交替和不连续性的问题（目标3），并在分析的内部结构的Q头和演变的OI量词系统的一般跨越我们所定义的三个时期（目标4）。最后，我们将调查是否（以及如何）OI Q可以进行成分分析（目标5），以及发生了什么变化，以产生MI系统（目标6）。