Doctoral Dissertation Research: Disfluency Production and Comprehension in Children with and without Developmental Language Disorder

博士论文研究：患有和不患有发展性语言障碍的儿童的不流利性产生和理解

• 批准号: 2314555
• 负责人: Margarita Kaushanskaya
• 金额: $ 1.87万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2314555&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Disfluency; Production

This doctoral dissertation project examines how children’s language abilities and experiences impact their production and comprehension of speech disfluencies. Speech disfluencies, including fillers 'uh' and 'um', are common in spontaneous language production and reliably precede difficult-to-retrieve words (e.g., words that are low-frequency or new to a conversation). Adults harness this association between fillers and production difficulty to anticipate upcoming novelty, but the mechanisms underlying children’s production and comprehension of fillers are poorly understood. This is particularly so for children who have Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and/or are exposed to more than one language (bilingual children). The overarching goal of this proposal is to examine both production and comprehension of fillers in children with a range of language skills and experiences. The researchers measure children’s production of fillers in natural speech as well as measure their ability to understand disfluency in a listening task. Monolingual and bilingual school-aged children representing a full range of language ability (from DLD to typical language (TD)) participate in the studies. Across multiple studies, the researchers measure filler production in natural speech, manipulating task demands to elucidate the consequences for disfluency and investigate filler comprehension by monitoring children’s eye gaze during a listening task. Effects of language ability (TD vs. DLD) and bilingualism are examined continuously, through core language scores and years of language exposure. The project examines the factors that support filler use and comprehension, and it has implications for how speech practitioners measure and use disfluencies within clinical settings.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个博士论文项目研究儿童的语言能力和经验如何影响他们的生产和理解的言语不流利。言语不流利，包括填充词“uh”和“um”，在自发的语言产生中很常见，并且可靠地出现在难以检索的单词之前（例如，对于对话来说是低频的或新的单词）。成年人利用填充物和生产难度之间的这种关联来预测即将到来的新奇事物，但儿童对填充物的生产和理解的机制却知之甚少。对于患有发育性语言障碍（DLD）和/或接触一种以上语言的儿童（双语儿童）来说尤其如此。本提案的总体目标是研究具有一系列语言技能和经验的儿童对填充物的生产和理解。研究人员测量了孩子们在自然语言中填充词的产生，以及测量他们在听力任务中理解不流利的能力。代表全方位语言能力（从DLD到典型语言（TD））的单语和双语学龄儿童参加了研究。在多项研究中，研究人员测量了自然语音中的填充物产生，操纵任务要求以阐明不流利的后果，并通过监测儿童在听力任务中的眼睛注视来调查填充物理解。语言能力（TD与DLD）和双语能力的影响通过核心语言成绩和语言接触年数不断进行检查。该项目研究的因素，支持填充物的使用和理解，它有影响的演讲从业者如何测量和使用不流利的临床settings.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。