Surface glycoproteins of two bat paramyxoviruses: functional characterization and importance for host switch

两种蝙蝠副粘病毒的表面糖蛋白:功能特征和宿主转换的重要性

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    256633021
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    德国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助国家:
    德国
  • 起止时间:
    2013-12-31 至 2015-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

In recent years, bats have been recognized as a major reservoir for a number of viruses. From time to time, viruses succeed in crossing the species barriers and cause infections that may be lethal for the affected humans or animals. Examples are the coronaviruses responsible for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), or the Nipah virus within the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus.Attempts to detect viral nucleic acid in bats have been quite successful; however, to isolate infectious virus from bats is still a challenging task. So far, there is not a single report about a successful isolation of a coronavirus from bats. In this case, the limiting factor appears to be the interaction of the viruses with receptors on the cell surface. As far as paramyxoviruses are concerned, there were a few successful virus isolations, though the total number is rather low. This makes it difficult to evaluate the zoonotic potential of the viruses and the danger for man and animals. However, there have been two interesting findings recently that allow us to analyze the tropism of bat viruses in more detail and thus to get a better knowledge about these infectious agents. Nipah-like henipaviruses have been isolated only in South East Asia. However, genomic RNA has been detected also in African bats. We have shown for the first time that the surface glycoproteins of an African henipavirus (G and F) have biological activities. Their ability to induce the formation of syncytia, i.e. multinucleated giant cells, shows that these glycoproteins have a functional receptor-binding as well as fusion activity. In the proposed project, we will analyze the biological activities of G and F as well as their ability to mediate infection in more detail. This knowledge will provide a basis for the successful isolation of an African henipavirus.The detection of genomic RNA from paramyxoviruses in bats revealed the presence of a virus that is closely related to mumps virus. With the surface glycoproteins (HN and F) of this mumps-like bat virus we were also able to induce syncytia formation. Similar to the above mentioned African henipavirus, we will analyze the biological activities of the two glycoproteins in more detail. In this case, we will provide the basis for a mutational analysis of the human mumps virus that will reveal which amino acid exchanges are crucial for the transition of the human virus to the bat virus.
近年来,蝙蝠被认为是许多病毒的主要宿主。有时,病毒会成功地跨越物种障碍,并引起可能对受影响的人或动物致命的感染。例如,导致严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)或中东呼吸道综合征(MERS)的冠状病毒,或副粘病毒科、亨尼帕病毒属的尼帕病毒。检测蝙蝠病毒核酸的尝试已经相当成功;然而,从蝙蝠中分离传染性病毒仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。到目前为止,还没有一份关于从蝙蝠身上成功分离出冠状病毒的报告。在这种情况下,限制因素似乎是病毒与细胞表面受体的相互作用。就副粘病毒而言,有一些成功的病毒分离,但总数相当低。这使得很难评估病毒的人畜共患潜力以及对人类和动物的危险。然而,最近有两个有趣的发现,使我们能够更详细地分析蝙蝠病毒的嗜性,从而更好地了解这些感染因子。尼帕样亨尼帕病毒仅在东南亚分离到。然而,在非洲蝙蝠中也发现了基因组RNA。我们首次证明了非洲亨尼帕病毒(G和F)的表面糖蛋白具有生物活性。它们诱导合胞体(即多核巨细胞)形成的能力表明这些糖蛋白具有功能性受体结合以及融合活性。在这个项目中,我们将更详细地分析G和F的生物活性以及它们介导感染的能力。这一知识将为成功分离非洲亨尼帕病毒提供基础。从蝙蝠副粘病毒中检测到的基因组RNA揭示了一种与腮腺炎病毒密切相关的病毒的存在。利用腮腺炎样蝙蝠病毒的表面糖蛋白(HN和F),我们也能够诱导合胞体形成。与上述非洲亨尼帕病毒类似,我们将更详细地分析这两种糖蛋白的生物活性。在这种情况下,我们将为人类腮腺炎病毒的突变分析提供基础,该分析将揭示哪些氨基酸交换对于人类病毒向蝙蝠病毒的转变至关重要。

项目成果

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Professor Dr. Georg Herrler其他文献

Professor Dr. Georg Herrler的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Georg Herrler', 18)}}的其他基金

Viral co-infection of differentiated airway cells pre-infected by influenza viruses
流感病毒预感染的分化气道细胞的病毒共感染
  • 批准号:
    329248398
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Viral-bacterial co-infections of the differentiated airway epithelium by pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex
牛呼吸道疾病复合体相关病原体对分化气道上皮的病毒-细菌双重感染
  • 批准号:
    313942933
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Surface glycoproteins G and F of an African bat henipavirus: Functional characterization and importance for interspecies transmission
非洲蝙蝠亨尼帕病毒的表面糖蛋白 G 和 F:功能特征及其对种间传播的重要性
  • 批准号:
    287385437
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Priority Programmes
Viral-bacterial co-infections:Effect of Streptococcus suis on influenza virus infections in differentiated porcine airway epithelial cells
病毒-细菌混合感染:猪链球菌对分化猪气道上皮细胞流感病毒感染的影响
  • 批准号:
    270348298
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Pseudotyped virus to study SARS virus entry
假型病毒研究SARS病毒进入
  • 批准号:
    5437802
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Die Interaktion des respiratorischen Syncytialvirus mit polarisierten Epithelzellen
呼吸道合胞病毒与极化上皮细胞的相互作用
  • 批准号:
    5184184
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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β-冠状病毒刺突蛋白激活迷走神经气道感觉神经
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