LEAPS-MPS: Multiqubit Entangling Gates for Solid-State Qubit Systems

LEAPS-MPS：用于固态量子位系统的多量子位纠缠门

• 批准号: 2316808
• 负责人: Yun-Pil Shim
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at El Paso
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2316808&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LEAPS; MPS; Multiqubit; Entangling; Gates

Quantum information science and quantum computing have become the forefront of future science and technology. Quantum computing promises a great leap forward from classical computing capabilities. However, the current quantum hardware has only a modest number of qubits (hundreds of qubits in a single device) and limited coherence, making it difficult to use for practical problems. In this project, the PI will address some of the above limitations by investigating alternative ways to implement quantum operations on quantum hardware by creating entanglement - an essential resource for quantum computation - between more than two qubits more efficiently than the standard approach. This approach can reduce the depth of the quantum circuits and extend the usefulness of the limited quantum hardware. This new method will be applied to some hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that many consider the leading practical applications of quantum computers in the near future. As quantum technology progresses and its importance increases, a larger quantum workforce will be essential for maintaining the competitive edge, and it is important to engage underrepresented demographic groups in quantum science and technology. This project will provide valuable research experiences to graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Texas at El Paso who will join the quantum workforce in academia, industries, and national labs. Quantum computation requires creating entanglement using entangling gates between qubits to generate highly entangled many-qubit states. The standard approach for implementing quantum circuits is to use single- and two-qubit gates that can generate any quantum circuits in principle. However, creating entanglement only using two-qubit gates typically results in a very long sequence of quantum gates for any practical quantum circuits. This project investigates possible multiqubit entangling gates for more than two qubits in solid-state-based qubit platforms of semiconductor spin qubits and superconducting qubits. This project will consider two schemes to generate multiqubit gates: (i) simultaneous application of pairwise interactions between qubits and (ii) multiqubit interactions mediated by a common bus where more than two qubits are connected simultaneously. Theoretical analysis of the physical qubit platforms and numerical simulation of the quantum gates and quantum circuits throughout the project will shed light on the efficiency of quantum circuits made of multiqubit gates in implementing quantum algorithms, especially hybrid quantum algorithms such as variational quantum eigensolver. The new approach developed in this project can lead to useful applications of the currently available quantum computing devices for practical problems, such as simulating complex quantum systems beyond the capability of classical computation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子信息科学和量子计算已经成为未来科学技术的前沿。量子计算有望实现传统计算能力的巨大飞跃。然而，目前的量子硬件只有有限数量的量子位（单个设备中有数百个量子位）和有限的相干性，使其难以用于实际问题。在这个项目中，PI将通过研究在量子硬件上实现量子操作的替代方法来解决上述一些限制，方法是在两个以上的量子比特之间创建纠缠（量子计算的基本资源），比标准方法更有效。这种方法可以减少量子电路的深度，扩展有限量子硬件的可用性。这种新方法将应用于一些量子-经典混合算法，许多人认为这些算法是量子计算机在不久的将来的主要实际应用。随着量子技术的进步及其重要性的增加，更大的量子劳动力对于保持竞争优势至关重要，让未被充分代表的人口群体参与量子科学和技术非常重要。该项目将为德克萨斯大学埃尔帕索分校的研究生和本科生提供宝贵的研究经验，他们将加入学术界、工业界和国家实验室的量子工作队伍。量子计算需要利用量子比特之间的纠缠门来产生高度纠缠的多量子比特状态。实现量子电路的标准方法是使用原则上可以生成任何量子电路的单量子比特和双量子比特门。然而，对于任何实际的量子电路来说，仅使用两个量子比特门来创建纠缠通常会导致一个非常长的量子门序列。本项目研究半导体自旋量子比特和超导量子比特的固态量子比特平台中可能的两个以上量子比特的多量子比特纠缠门。该项目将考虑两种方案来生成多量子位门：(i)同时应用量子位之间的配对相互作用；（ii）由公共总线介导的多量子位相互作用，其中两个以上量子位同时连接。对物理量子比特平台的理论分析以及整个项目中量子门和量子电路的数值模拟将揭示由多量子比特门组成的量子电路在实现量子算法，特别是变分量子特征求解器等混合量子算法中的效率。在这个项目中开发的新方法可以导致目前可用的量子计算设备在实际问题上的有用应用，例如模拟超出经典计算能力的复杂量子系统。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。