Collaborative Research: GLOW: Iron Redox Reactions in Magma Oceans and Differentiation of Rocky Planets

合作研究：GLOW：岩浆海洋中的铁氧化还原反应和岩石行星的分异

• 批准号: 2317024
• 负责人: Jie Li
• 金额: $ 35.58万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2317024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; GLOW; Iron; Redox

Earth’s mantle is far more oxidized than its building blocks. The oxidation of the mantle has a large effect on our planet’s habitability. Because of the oxidation, our atmosphere contains enough oxygen to support life. One theory suggests that mantle oxidation occurred during the “magma ocean” stage of Earth’s history. When early Earth was still molten and forming, it was covered by a hot and deep ocean of magma. Studying the oxidation process is important for understanding the role of the magma ocean in making Earth habitable. Scientists also want to know how this process applies to other planets and exoplanets. This research project will bring together geoscientists and astronomers to study how planets become habitable through mantle oxidation. The project will also create educational materials and answer questions about the relationship between geology and life. This Geoscience Lessons for and from Other Worlds (GLOW) award will enable researchers to conduct experiments at pressures, temperatures, and compositions directly relevant to silicate-metal reactions in magma oceans of Earth and Earth-like planets. The experiments will use peridotite glass starting materials synthesized in a levitation furnace. The samples will be subjected to pressures and temperatures up to 140 GPa and 6000 K in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The products will be analyzed for their ferric and ferrous iron ratio using synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The experimental results will be incorporated into a thermodynamic model that will allow prediction of the oxidation of a planetary mantle and its habitability, depending on the size of the planet and the conditions of formation of its core.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地幔的氧化程度远远超过了它的组成部分。地幔的氧化对地球的宜居性有很大的影响。由于氧化作用，我们的大气中含有足够的氧气来维持生命。一种理论认为，地幔氧化发生在地球历史的“岩浆海洋”阶段。当早期地球仍处于熔融状态和形成阶段时，它被炽热的岩浆海洋所覆盖。研究氧化过程对于理解岩浆海洋在使地球适宜居住方面的作用非常重要。科学家们还想知道这个过程如何适用于其他行星和系外行星。这个研究项目将把地球科学家和天文学家聚集在一起，研究行星是如何通过地幔氧化而变得适合居住的。该项目还将制作教育材料，并回答有关地质与生命之间关系的问题。这项来自其他世界的地球科学课程（GLOW）奖将使研究人员能够在与地球和类地行星岩浆海洋中硅酸盐-金属反应直接相关的压力、温度和成分下进行实验。实验将使用在悬浮炉中合成的橄榄岩玻璃作为起始材料。样品将在激光加热的金刚石砧细胞中承受高达140 GPa和6000 K的压力和温度。将使用同步加速器Mössbauer光谱分析产品的铁和亚铁比率。实验结果将被纳入一个热力学模型，该模型将根据行星的大小和核心的形成条件，预测行星地幔的氧化及其可居住性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。