Hydrologic constraints on global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters

全球内陆水域二氧化碳排放的水文限制

• 批准号: 2318056
• 负责人: Matthew Winnick
• 金额: $ 52.3万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318056&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydrologic; constraints; global; carbon; dioxide

Inland waters, streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, act as an important component of the global carbon cycle, particularly in their role as sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Despite recent advances in our conceptions of inland water carbon cycling, global CO2 emissions from these waters remain highly uncertain. This research will develop process-based computational models of global CO2 fluxes from streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs by combining models of water flow, surface water morphology, and carbon transport and transformation. The models will provide new insights into global CO2 fluxes and the distribution of inland water CO2 sources, and how these fluxes and sources respond to changes in streamflow. The researchers will train a PhD student and mentor a postdoctoral researcher, and enhance STEM education in the Holyoke and Springfield, MA area, by creating educational activities for high school girls through the Eureka! Program in collaboration with Girls, Inc. and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The primary goal of this project is to provide robust, physically constrained estimates of global CO2 fluxes from inland waters including rivers, streams, lakes, and reservoirs. This will be accomplished through hypothesis-driven research objectives to: (1) couple global state-of-the-art hydraulic and hydrologic routing systems with a recently developed stream network model of CO2 including physical representations of mass transport, inputs (groundwater inflows, hyporheic exchange with CO2-rich pore waters, water column respiration), and outputs (primary productivity, atmospheric exchange); (2) validate the coupled hydrology and stream network model of CO2 against existing datasets of global surface and groundwater geochemical observations, and compare our physics-based model with existing statistical upscaling techniques; and (3) apply the model across a range of flow conditions to characterize average and spatiotemporal variability in CO2 emissions, and explore how changes in streamflow impact stream CO2 emissions.The award will be co-funded by the Hydrologic Sciences and the Geobiology and Low-Temperature Geochemistry programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

内陆水域，溪流，河流，湖泊和水库是全球碳循环的重要组成部分，尤其是它们作为大气中二氧化碳（CO2）的作用。尽管我们对内陆水碳循环的概念最近取得了进步，但这些水域的全球二氧化碳排放量仍然高度不确定。这项研究将通过结合水流，地表水形态以及碳运输和转换的模型来开发来自溪流，河流，湖泊和水库的全球二氧化碳通量的基于过程的计算模型。这些模型将为全球二氧化碳通量和内陆水二氧化碳源的分布以及这些通量和来源如何响应流量变化提供新的见解。研究人员将通过通过尤里卡（Eureka）为高中女生创建教育活动，培训博士生和导师的博士学位研究员，并在马萨诸塞州霍利奥克（Holyoke）和马萨诸塞州霍利诺（Springfield）的STEM教育中进行培训！与Girls，Inc。和马萨诸塞大学Amherst合作的计划。该项目的主要目的是提供内陆水域包括河流，溪流，湖泊和水库在内的全球二氧化碳通量的强大，身体约束的估计。这将通过假设驱动的研究目标来实现：（1）夫妇与最近开发的CO2的流网络网络模型，包括大规模运输的物理表示，投入（地下水流入，低多毛的毛水水，水柱，水柱的呼吸）以及初级效率（主要的杂物）; （2）验证CO2的耦合水文和流网络模型，以针对全球表面和地下水地球化学观测的现有数据集，并将基于物理的模型与现有的统计升级技术进行比较； （3）将模型应用在一系列流量条件下应用二氧化碳排放中的平均和时空变异性表征，并探讨流量变化如何影响流二氧化碳排放。该奖项将由水文科学和地球生物学和低温的地球化学奖，通过NSF的基础宣传并获得了deem deem deem deem deem deem deem deem deem deem a奖。更广泛的影响审查标准。