Hydrologic constraints on global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters

全球内陆水域二氧化碳排放的水文限制

• 批准号: 2318056
• 负责人: Matthew Winnick
• 金额: $ 52.3万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318056&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydrologic; constraints; global; carbon; dioxide

Inland waters, streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, act as an important component of the global carbon cycle, particularly in their role as sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Despite recent advances in our conceptions of inland water carbon cycling, global CO2 emissions from these waters remain highly uncertain. This research will develop process-based computational models of global CO2 fluxes from streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs by combining models of water flow, surface water morphology, and carbon transport and transformation. The models will provide new insights into global CO2 fluxes and the distribution of inland water CO2 sources, and how these fluxes and sources respond to changes in streamflow. The researchers will train a PhD student and mentor a postdoctoral researcher, and enhance STEM education in the Holyoke and Springfield, MA area, by creating educational activities for high school girls through the Eureka! Program in collaboration with Girls, Inc. and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The primary goal of this project is to provide robust, physically constrained estimates of global CO2 fluxes from inland waters including rivers, streams, lakes, and reservoirs. This will be accomplished through hypothesis-driven research objectives to: (1) couple global state-of-the-art hydraulic and hydrologic routing systems with a recently developed stream network model of CO2 including physical representations of mass transport, inputs (groundwater inflows, hyporheic exchange with CO2-rich pore waters, water column respiration), and outputs (primary productivity, atmospheric exchange); (2) validate the coupled hydrology and stream network model of CO2 against existing datasets of global surface and groundwater geochemical observations, and compare our physics-based model with existing statistical upscaling techniques; and (3) apply the model across a range of flow conditions to characterize average and spatiotemporal variability in CO2 emissions, and explore how changes in streamflow impact stream CO2 emissions.The award will be co-funded by the Hydrologic Sciences and the Geobiology and Low-Temperature Geochemistry programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

内陆水域、溪流、河流、湖泊和水库是全球碳循环的重要组成部分，特别是作为大气中二氧化碳 (CO2) 的来源。尽管我们的内陆水域碳循环概念最近取得了进展，但这些水域的全球二氧化碳排放量仍然高度不确定。这项研究将通过结合水流、地表水形态以及碳传输和转化模型，开发来自溪流、河流、湖泊和水库的全球二氧化碳通量的基于过程的计算模型。这些模型将为全球二氧化碳通量和内陆水域二氧化碳来源的分布以及这些通量和来源如何响应水流变化提供新的见解。研究人员将培训一名博士生并指导一名博士后研究员，并通过“尤里卡！”为高中女生举办教育活动，加强马萨诸塞州霍利奥克和斯普林菲尔德地区的 STEM 教育！与 Girls, Inc. 和马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校合作的项目。该项目的主要目标是对来自内陆水域（包括河流、溪流、湖泊和水库）的全球二氧化碳通量提供可靠的、物理受限的估计。这将通过假设驱动的研究目标来实现：（1）将全球最先进的水力和水文路径系统与最近开发的二氧化碳河流网络模型结合起来，包括质量传输、输入（地下水流入、与富含二氧化碳的孔隙水的潜流交换、水柱呼吸）和输出（初级生产力、大气交换）的物理表示； (2) 根据现有的全球地表和地下水地球化学观测数据集验证二氧化碳的耦合水文学和河流网络模型，并将我们的基于物理的模型与现有的统计升级技术进行比较； (3) 在一系列水流条件下应用该模型来表征二氧化碳排放的平均和时空变化，并探索水流变化如何影响水流二氧化碳排放。该奖项将由水文科学、地球生物学和低温地球化学项目共同资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和知识进行评估，被认为值得支持。 更广泛的影响审查标准。