Exploring the adaptive within- and between bloom dynamics of heterogenic dinoflagellate population of the toxigenic Alexandrium ostenfeldii in field and laboratory experiments.

影响物种间相互作用的性状对种群稳定和物种共存至关重要，因为这些性状的变异将直接决定物种的适合度，并间接影响相互作用伙伴的适合度。在包括捕食和竞争在内的拮抗相互作用的情况下，这些性状的变异将被选择性地维持。因此，任何试图理解多样性-恢复力关系的尝试都应该将生态系统关键物种的物种相互作用特征的功能变异作为机制基础。在这里，我们建议调查的选择性维护的多样性化感物质的生产，一个普遍的特点，以减少竞争和放牧在开花的甲藻亚历山大ostenfeldii，在非生物（营养限制和温度）和生物（竞争和捕食）的压力。我们将结合联合收割机实地观察，微观和恒化器实验与囊床表征和实验进化的链接内盛开之间的盛开动态。我们假设，波动选择化感物质的生产和生产者和非生产者菌株之间的互利互动决定人口动态和保持多样性在开花。花间大量的亲和和不亲和交配类型将是维持多样性和互利互作稳定性的有效机制。因此，在生命周期的决定性阶段，性状多样性与种群动态之间的联系将加深我们对生物多样性与生态系统稳定性之间关系的理解。

Traits that influence the interaction between species are of prime importance for population stability and species coexistence, because variation within these traits will directly determine species fitness and indirectly influence fitness of the interacting partner. In cases of antagonistic interactions including predation and competition variation of these traits will be selectively maintained. Therefore, any attempt in trying to understand diversity-resilience relationships should incorporate the functional variation of species interaction traits of ecosystem keystone species as a mechanistic basis. Here, we propose to investigate the selective maintenance of diversity in allelochemical production, a widespread trait to reduce competition and grazing during blooms of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii, in relation to abiotic (nutrient limitation and temperature) and biotic (competition and predation) stressors. We will combine field observations, microcosm and chemostat experiments with cyst bed characterization and experimental evolution to link within bloom to between bloom dynamics. We hypothesize that fluctuating selection on allelochemical production and mutualistic interactions between producer and non-producer strains determines population dynamics and maintains diversity during the bloom. Between blooms the large number of compatible and incompatible mating types will be an efficient mechanism to maintain diversity as well as stability of mutualistic interactions. The link between trait diversity and population dynamics during decisive stages of the life cycle will therefore deepen our understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability.