Exploring the adaptive within- and between bloom dynamics of heterogenic dinoflagellate population of the toxigenic Alexandrium ostenfeldii in field and laboratory experiments.

影响物种间相互作用的性状对种群稳定和物种共存至关重要，因为这些性状的变异将直接决定物种的适合度，并间接影响相互作用伙伴的适合度。在包括捕食和竞争在内的拮抗相互作用的情况下，这些性状的变异将被选择性地维持。因此，任何试图理解多样性-恢复力关系的尝试都应该将生态系统关键物种物种相互作用特征的功能变化作为机制基础。在这里，我们建议研究化感物质生产多样性的选择性维持，这是一种与非生物（营养限制和温度）和生物（竞争和捕食）应激源有关的普遍特性，以减少藻华期间的竞争和放牧。我们将结合现场观察，微观世界和恒化实验与囊床表征和实验进化，以联系内部和之间的开花动力学。我们假设化感化学产生的波动选择以及产生菌株和非产生菌株之间的相互作用决定了种群动态并维持了开花期间的多样性。在花间，大量的相容和不相容交配类型将是维持多样性和互利互动稳定性的有效机制。因此，在生命周期的决定性阶段，性状多样性和种群动态之间的联系将加深我们对生物多样性和生态系统稳定性之间关系的理解。

Traits that influence the interaction between species are of prime importance for population stability and species coexistence, because variation within these traits will directly determine species fitness and indirectly influence fitness of the interacting partner. In cases of antagonistic interactions including predation and competition variation of these traits will be selectively maintained. Therefore, any attempt in trying to understand diversity-resilience relationships should incorporate the functional variation of species interaction traits of ecosystem keystone species as a mechanistic basis. Here, we propose to investigate the selective maintenance of diversity in allelochemical production, a widespread trait to reduce competition and grazing during blooms of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii, in relation to abiotic (nutrient limitation and temperature) and biotic (competition and predation) stressors. We will combine field observations, microcosm and chemostat experiments with cyst bed characterization and experimental evolution to link within bloom to between bloom dynamics. We hypothesize that fluctuating selection on allelochemical production and mutualistic interactions between producer and non-producer strains determines population dynamics and maintains diversity during the bloom. Between blooms the large number of compatible and incompatible mating types will be an efficient mechanism to maintain diversity as well as stability of mutualistic interactions. The link between trait diversity and population dynamics during decisive stages of the life cycle will therefore deepen our understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability.