CAREER: Intra-Urban Variability in Carbon Deposition: Rates, Pathways, and Determinants

职业：城市内碳沉积的变化：速率、路径和决定因素

• 批准号: 2324528
• 负责人: Alexandra Ponette
• 金额: $ 47.52万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2324528&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Intra; Urban; Variability; Carbon

NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONGEOGRAPHY SPATIAL SCIENCES (GSS) PROGRAMABSTRACTThis Faculty Early-Career Development (CAREER) award will support research that will contribute new knowledge about urban carbon cycle science by assessing the role of vegetation in the capture, cycling, and fate of carbon in urban environments. As a major source and sink for carbon, urban areas are a frontier in understanding changing environments and the carbon cycle. The investigator will study the extent to which city trees function as urban air filters, capturing carbon particles from the atmosphere and then depositing them into soils for long-term storage. Because of carbon?s powerful influence on atmospheric radiative mechanisms, understanding its removal and input into the soil is key to developing and implementing short-term environmental mitigation strategies. In addition, understanding the factors that contribute to carbon removal in urban areas could help improve air quality for urban residents. The research will be conducted at the edge of the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area and will quantify the filtration of carbon particulates. The project will open new pathways into science, technology engineering, and mathematics (STEM) for geography and education majors, and it provides research experiences for undergraduate and graduate students. Project results will have socioeconomic implications by providing opportunities to impact urban architecture and configuration while understanding the complex urban forms that drive biogeochemical patterns and processes.The investigator will quantify rates, pathways, and determinants of carbon deposition at fine spatial scales in a rapidly growing city that is representative of many urban areas in semi-arid regions of the world. The investigator will explore answers to three core questions: (1) What is the spatial variability in the deposition rates of black carbon on urban tree canopies? (2) What is the role of throughfall and litterfall in the flux of carbon to the soil? (3) What are the urban form components that control spatial patterns of black carbon deposition? High-resolution light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, geospatial data, and field-measured vegetation characteristics will be integrated to determine the most important factors contributing to spatial variability in the filtering of carbon particulates. A statistical model will be developed to provide estimates of carbon removal by trees at the city scale. The LiDAR-based scaling approach is potentially transformative, because it has broad applicability to a range of scientific questions across diverse ecosystems.

该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖将支持通过评估植被在城市环境中碳的捕获、循环和命运中的作用，为城市碳循环科学贡献新知识的研究。作为碳的主要来源和汇，城市地区是了解环境变化和碳循环的前沿。调查人员将研究城市树木作为城市空气过滤器的作用程度，它们从大气中捕获碳颗粒，然后将它们沉积到土壤中长期储存。因为碳？鉴于其对大气辐射机制的强大影响，了解其清除和进入土壤是制定和实施短期环境缓解战略的关键。此外，了解有助于城市地区碳去除的因素可以帮助改善城市居民的空气质量。这项研究将在达拉斯-沃斯堡大都会地区的边缘进行，并将量化碳颗粒的过滤。该项目将为地理和教育专业的学生开辟通往科学、技术工程和数学（STEM）的新途径，并为本科生和研究生提供研究经验。项目结果将通过提供影响城市建筑和配置的机会，同时理解驱动生物地球化学模式和过程的复杂城市形式，从而具有社会经济意义。研究者将量化一个快速发展的城市在精细空间尺度上的碳沉积速率、途径和决定因素，该城市是世界上半干旱地区许多城市地区的代表。研究者将探索三个核心问题的答案：(1)城市树冠上黑碳沉积速率的空间变异性是什么？(2)穿透物和凋落物在土壤碳通量中的作用是什么？(3)控制黑碳沉积空间格局的城市形态成分是什么？高分辨率光探测和测距（LiDAR）数据、地理空间数据和实地测量的植被特征将被整合，以确定影响碳颗粒过滤空间变异性的最重要因素。将开发一个统计模型，以提供城市尺度上树木的碳清除估计。基于激光雷达的缩放方法具有潜在的变革性，因为它对不同生态系统中的一系列科学问题具有广泛的适用性。