The evolution of Montiaceae: integrating phylogeny, life history, and physiology to understand a global ecological radiation

Montiaceae的进化：整合系统发育、生活史和生理学以了解全球生态辐射

• 批准号: 2327957
• 负责人: Erika Edwards
• 金额: $ 98.81万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-01-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2327957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: evolution; Montiaceae; integrating; phylogeny; life

Many groups of organisms contain closely related species that are specialized to live in very distinct and challenging environments. Understanding how these adaptations have evolved over time is critical to understanding the evolutionary history of life on Earth. It also improves predictions of future outcomes of ongoing global change. Some plant groups include multiple transitions between extreme desert and mountain habitats. These transitions have been correlated with shifts in individual lifespan and the timing of growth and reproductive events. The Montiaceae is a plant family of ~250 species of annual and perennial herbs with centers of diversity in Australia and Western North and South America. They are ecologically and morphologically diverse, with multiple transitions between high mountain, Mediterranean, and desert environments. Most investigated species also possess a special form of photosynthesis that, when engaged, allows them to be more efficient in their growth. This project will build a complete family tree for this group of plants. The resulting history will be used to reconstruct how this plant family repeatedly adapted to different extreme environments. Investigation will particularly focus on how changes in photosynthetic physiology are integrated with other shifts in lifespan and reproduction. The project will provide exceptional training from the undergraduate to the post-doctoral levels. Training activities will include a virtual hybrid seminar series and a post-baccalaureate scholars program. The project strengthens a highly collaborative international partnership with participants in the United States, Argentina, Chile, and Peru. The researchers will also run a training workshop in specimen georeferencing and herbarium data management at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Herbarium, the largest herbarium in Peru, further enabling global access to these important collections.The researchers will further develop the Montiaceae as a model clade for plant evolutionary biology. This project will focus on the evolutionary assembly of annual and perennial life history syndromes, how photosynthetic physiology may be better integrated into these syndromes and extend a newly proposed model of character evolution (stress-induced evolutionary innovation, “SIEI”) to plants. This work will include extensive field collections and greenhouse studies of drought response, gene expression analyses, and photosynthetic physiology. They will generate a completely sampled phylogeny for Montiaceae, focusing efforts on the taxonomically difficult Cistanthe-Calyptridium-Montiopsis clade and initiating work on a full taxonomic revision of Cistanthe sensu stricto. In the process, they will develop a new bioinformatics pipeline that will optimize the merging of novel and historical genomics-scale datasets for subsequent phylogenetic analysis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

许多有机体都包含非常相关的物种，这些物种专门生活在非常独特的挑战环境中。了解这些适应时间如何随着时间的流逝而发展对于理解地球生命的进化史至关重要。它还改善了对持续全球变化未来结果的预测。一些植物群包括极端沙漠和山区栖息地之间的多次过渡。这些过渡与单个寿命的转变以及生长和生殖事件的时机相关。蒙蒂亚科是一个约250种的年度和多年生草药的植物家族，在澳大利亚，北美西部和南美，多样性中心。它们在生态和形态上是多样的，在高山，地中海和沙漠环境之间进行了多次过渡。大多数经过研究的物种还具有一种特殊的光合作用形式，当订婚时，它们可以更有效地生长。该项目将为这群植物建立完整的家谱。由此产生的历史将用于重建该植物家族如何反复适应不同的极端环境。研究将特别关注光合生理学的变化如何与寿命和繁殖的其他变化融为一体。该项目将提供从本科生到博士后水平的卓越培训。培训活动将包括虚拟混合赛系列和一项后库尔研究学者计划。该项目与美国，阿根廷，智利和秘鲁的参与者建立了高度合作的国际合作伙伴关系。研究人员还将在秘鲁最大的标本室，进一步促进这些重要收藏品的培训研讨会上的标本地球发育和植物标本室数据管理，这是秘鲁最大的植物标本室，进一步使全球访问这些重要收藏集。该项目将集中于年度和多年生生命史综合症的进化组装，如何更好地整合到这些综合症中的光合生理学，并将新提出的角色进化模型扩展到植物。这项工作将包括大量的现场收集和关于干旱反应，基因表达分析和光合生理学的温室研究。他们将为蒙蒂科生成完全采样的系统发育，将精力集中在分类学上困难的西里型 - 甲状腺膜膜甲状管甲基甲壳虫，并启动对Cistanthe Sensu Stricto进行全面分类修订的工作。在此过程中，他们将开发一种新的生物信息学管道，该管道将优化新颖和历史基因组学级数据集的合并，以进行后续的系统发育分析。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来诚实地支持。