Speciation and adaptation in Antarctic sea spiders: Assessing the relative importance of genetic drift and natural selection using comparative population genomic and morphological approaches
南极海蜘蛛的物种形成和适应:使用比较种群基因组和形态学方法评估遗传漂变和自然选择的相对重要性
基本信息
- 批准号:257866065
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Infrastructure Priority Programmes
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2013-12-31 至 2020-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The analysis of speciation and adaptation processes is fundamental to understand how biodiversity is generated and how it responds to changing environments. An ideal ecosystem to study such processes is the Southern Ocean. The cold waters around Antarctica host a rich and highly endemic benthic fauna. Recent studies have found that many of these species consist of groups of discrete genetic clades interpreted as previously unrecognized species that radiated in the Pleistocene. These cryptic species can be distinguished with molecular methods (e.g. DNA barcoding) and in some cases with meticulous morphological analyses. Typically the speciation events are interpreted as being driven by recent glaciations. The assumption is that speciation occurred by chance when formerly large populations were isolated into small allopatric refugia during glacial maxima, where they were then subjected to the strong effects of random genetic drift. Alternative models of speciation are rarely explored due to previous limitations in molecular techniques. Studies from other ecosystems suggest that ecological speciation, i.e., divergence due to strong differential selection, is one obvious alternative model. Here we propose to use high-resolution population genomic approaches coupled with morphological analyses to test competing Southern Ocean speciation models in a natural and non-laboratory setting. As a test case we will study patterns of genetic drift and selection in a particularly successful group of Southern Ocean benthic species: the sea spiders (Pycnogonida). Building on our earlier studies, we will analyse genomic patterns of neutral and non-neutral markers in two species flocks: Colossendeis megalonyx and Pallenopsis patagonica. These two sea spider species complexes are good models to address the objectives of this proposal because of several characteristics: 1) The presence of many genetically divergent cryptic species, 2) morphological support some of these species, 3) their broad distribution range including both Antarctic continental shelf and sub-Antarctic regions less affected by past glaciations, 4) their low mobility. If allopatric speciation driven largely by genetic drift in glacial refugial populations is the primary evolutionary force, we expect random fixation of neutral alleles and signatures of population bottlenecks to be highest in heavily ice-affected regions. Alternatively, if natural selection has been the central evolutionary force promoting speciation, we expect strong signatures of selection on geno- and phenotype level in particular in sympatry (ecological character displacement). We will investigate variation across whole genomes to assess random vs. non-random variation. The proposed study will make an important first step in systematically testing for the relative importance of natural selection in evolution in the Southern Ocean.
对物种形成和适应过程的分析是理解生物多样性如何产生以及它如何对不断变化的环境作出反应的基础。研究这一过程的理想生态系统是南大洋。南极洲周围的寒冷水域拥有丰富的、高度地方性的底栖动物。最近的研究发现,这些物种中有许多是由离散的遗传枝组成的,这些枝被解释为在更新世辐射的以前未被认识的物种。这些隐种可以用分子方法(例如DNA条形码)加以区分,在某些情况下还可以用细致的形态分析加以区分。典型地,物种形成事件被解释为由最近的冰期驱动。假设物种形成是偶然发生的,当以前的大种群在冰川高峰时期被隔离到小的异域避难所时,他们在那里受到随机遗传漂变的强烈影响。由于先前分子技术的限制,很少探索物种形成的替代模型。来自其他生态系统的研究表明,生态物种形成,即由于强烈的差异选择而产生的分化,是一个明显的替代模型。在这里,我们建议使用高分辨率种群基因组方法结合形态学分析来测试在自然和非实验室环境下竞争的南大洋物种形成模型。作为一个测试案例,我们将研究一个特别成功的南大洋底栖物种群体的遗传漂变和选择模式:海蜘蛛(Pycnogonida)。在我们早期研究的基础上,我们将分析两个物种群的中性和非中性标记的基因组模式:Colossendeis megalonyx和Pallenopsis patagonica。这两种海蜘蛛物种复合体具有以下特点:1)存在许多遗传上不同的隐种;2)形态上支持其中一些物种;3)分布范围广泛,包括南极大陆架和亚南极地区,受过去冰川作用影响较小;4)流动性低。如果外来物种形成主要是由冰川避难种群的遗传漂变驱动的,那么我们预计中性等位基因的随机固定和种群瓶颈特征在严重受冰影响的地区是最高的。另外,如果自然选择是促进物种形成的核心进化力量,我们预计选择在基因和表型水平上的强烈特征,特别是在同系(生态特征位移)中。我们将研究全基因组的变异,以评估随机变异与非随机变异。拟议的研究将在系统地测试自然选择在南大洋进化中的相对重要性方面迈出重要的第一步。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(6)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Feeding ecology in sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida): what do we know?
- DOI:10.1186/s12983-018-0250-4
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:Dietz L;Dömel JS;Leese F;Lehmann T;Melzer RR
- 通讯作者:Melzer RR
Comparative study of bisected proboscides of Pycnogonida
扁果类平分长鼻的比较研究
- DOI:10.1007/s13127-016-0310-6
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.6
- 作者:Wagner P;Dömel JS;Hofmann M;Hübner J;Leese F;Melzer RR
- 通讯作者:Melzer RR
Combining morphological and genomic evidence to resolve species diversity and study speciation processes of the Pallenopsis patagonica (Pycnogonida) species complex
- DOI:10.1186/s12983-019-0316-y
- 发表时间:2019-09-06
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:Doemel, Jana S.;Macher, Till-Hendrik;Melzer, Roland R.
- 通讯作者:Melzer, Roland R.
Nuclear and Mitochondrial Gene Data Support Recent Radiation within the Sea Spider Species Complex Pallenopsis patagonica
- DOI:10.3389/fevo.2016.00139
- 发表时间:2017-01-04
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:Doemel, Jana S.;Melzer, Roland R.;Leese, Florian
- 通讯作者:Leese, Florian
Analyzing drivers of speciation in the Southern Ocean using the sea spider species complex Colossendeis megalonyx as a test case
- DOI:10.1007/s00300-020-02636-z
- 发表时间:2020-02
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.7
- 作者:Jana S. Dömel;Lars Dietz;Till-Hendrik Macher;Andrey Rozenberg;C. Mayer;Johanna M. Spaak;R. Melzer;F. Leese
- 通讯作者:Jana S. Dömel;Lars Dietz;Till-Hendrik Macher;Andrey Rozenberg;C. Mayer;Johanna M. Spaak;R. Melzer;F. Leese
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Professor Dr. Florian Leese其他文献
Professor Dr. Florian Leese的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Florian Leese', 18)}}的其他基金
Drivers of cryptic species coexistence in stream ecosystems – a case study using gammarid amphipods from Sicily
溪流生态系统中神秘物种共存的驱动因素——使用西西里岛伽马科片足类动物的案例研究
- 批准号:
418153139 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Mechanisms and thresholds of fungicide effects on microbial communities and organic matter processing
杀菌剂对微生物群落和有机物处理作用的机制和阈值
- 批准号:
216374258 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
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不断变化的环境中寄生虫的综合监测(IMPACT)
- 批准号:
532239906 - 财政年份:
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Research Grants
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