CAREER: A multimethod approach to rethinking the dynamics of inhibitory control under stress

职业生涯：重新思考压力下抑制控制动态的多种方法

• 批准号: 2338789
• 负责人: Grant Shields
• 金额: $ 45.38万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-05-15 至 2029-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; multimethod; approach; rethinking; dynamics

The ability to voluntarily stop ourselves from doing or thinking about certain things, referred to as “inhibitory control”, is important for navigating our lives, especially within stressful situations. Indeed, many interventions aimed at improving people’s functioning and/or quality of life, ranging from psychological therapy to military training, attempt to improve this ability. However, our understanding of the effects of stress on inhibitory control is relatively limited. This project characterizes how stressful situations influence the cognitive mechanisms and processes underlying inhibitory control. The results of this project thus have the potential to identify mechanisms that could be targeted by relevant interventions to improve their effectiveness. In addition, the data collected in this project will be used to develop a publicly available novel course, as well as workshops, to disseminate both the knowledge of the project’s results and the technical skills needed to use the project’s methods. The dissemination of these results and technical skills is likely to contribute to long-term societal benefits, such as improved mental health and productivity. Although a number of studies have examined the effects of stress on inhibitory control, current theory and important findings from each area’s primary literature have not been considered in the work combining the two. As a result, conflicting results abound in work on stress and inhibitory control, and some findings are difficult to reconcile with current theories of inhibition under stress. Using experimentally manipulated acute stress, computational cognitive modeling, and both standard and mouse-tracking cognitive tasks, the studies in this project develops a new theory of how stress influences inhibitory control. Analytic methods include not only standard behavioral analysis, but also salivary hormone assays, cognitive model parameter estimation, and analysis of nuanced mouse-tracking dynamics unfolding over time. The goal is to advance our understanding of how contextual factors, such as stress, influence inhibitory control, which contributes to both basic science and may guide the development of interventions to improve inhibitory control. This project is jointly funded by Perception, Action and Cognition and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自愿地阻止自己做或想某些事情的能力，被称为“抑制控制”，对于我们的生活很重要，特别是在压力很大的情况下。事实上，许多旨在改善人们的功能和/或生活质量的干预措施，从心理治疗到军事训练，都试图提高这一能力。然而，我们对压力对抑制性控制的影响的了解相对有限。这个项目描述了压力环境如何影响抑制控制的认知机制和过程。因此，该项目的结果有可能确定相关干预措施可以针对的机制，以提高其效力。此外，在该项目中收集的数据将用于开发可供公众使用的新颖课程和讲习班，以传播关于项目成果的知识和使用项目方法所需的技术技能。这些成果和技术技能的传播可能有助于长期的社会利益，如改善心理健康和生产力。虽然许多研究已经研究了压力对抑制控制的影响，但当前的理论和每个领域的主要文献中的重要发现在结合两者的工作中并未被考虑。因此，在应激和抑制控制的研究中，有很多相互矛盾的结果，而且一些发现很难与当前关于应激下抑制的理论相一致。使用实验操作的急性应激、计算认知建模以及标准和鼠标跟踪认知任务，该项目的研究开发了一种关于压力如何影响抑制控制的新理论。分析方法不仅包括标准的行为分析，还包括唾液激素分析、认知模型参数估计，以及对随时间展开的细微差别的老鼠追踪动态的分析。其目的是促进我们对背景因素，如压力，如何影响抑制控制的理解，这有助于基础科学，并可能指导干预措施的发展，以改善抑制控制。该项目由感知、行动和认知以及已建立的激励竞争性研究计划(EPSCoR)共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。