CAREER: A multimethod approach to rethinking the dynamics of inhibitory control under stress

职业生涯：重新思考压力下抑制控制动态的多种方法

• 批准号: 2338789
• 负责人: Grant Shields
• 金额: $ 45.38万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-05-15 至 2029-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; multimethod; approach; rethinking; dynamics

The ability to voluntarily stop ourselves from doing or thinking about certain things, referred to as “inhibitory control”, is important for navigating our lives, especially within stressful situations. Indeed, many interventions aimed at improving people’s functioning and/or quality of life, ranging from psychological therapy to military training, attempt to improve this ability. However, our understanding of the effects of stress on inhibitory control is relatively limited. This project characterizes how stressful situations influence the cognitive mechanisms and processes underlying inhibitory control. The results of this project thus have the potential to identify mechanisms that could be targeted by relevant interventions to improve their effectiveness. In addition, the data collected in this project will be used to develop a publicly available novel course, as well as workshops, to disseminate both the knowledge of the project’s results and the technical skills needed to use the project’s methods. The dissemination of these results and technical skills is likely to contribute to long-term societal benefits, such as improved mental health and productivity. Although a number of studies have examined the effects of stress on inhibitory control, current theory and important findings from each area’s primary literature have not been considered in the work combining the two. As a result, conflicting results abound in work on stress and inhibitory control, and some findings are difficult to reconcile with current theories of inhibition under stress. Using experimentally manipulated acute stress, computational cognitive modeling, and both standard and mouse-tracking cognitive tasks, the studies in this project develops a new theory of how stress influences inhibitory control. Analytic methods include not only standard behavioral analysis, but also salivary hormone assays, cognitive model parameter estimation, and analysis of nuanced mouse-tracking dynamics unfolding over time. The goal is to advance our understanding of how contextual factors, such as stress, influence inhibitory control, which contributes to both basic science and may guide the development of interventions to improve inhibitory control. This project is jointly funded by Perception, Action and Cognition and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自愿阻止自己做或思考某些事情（称为“抑制性控制”）的能力对于导航我们的生活很重要，尤其是在压力大的情况下。确实，许多干预措施旨在改善人们的运作和/或生活质量，从心理治疗到军事训练，试图提高这种能力。但是，我们对压力对抑制性控制的影响的理解是有限的。该项目表征了压力状况如何影响抑制性控制的认知机制和过程。因此，该项目的结果有可能识别可能由相关干预措施来提高其有效性的机制。此外，该项目中收集的数据将用于开发公开可用的新颖课程以及研讨会，以传播对项目结果的知识以及使用该项目方法所需的技术技能。这些结果和技术技能的传播可能会导致长期社会益处，例如提高心理健康和生产力。尽管许多研究已经检查了压力对抑制性控制的影响，但是在结合两者的工作中尚未考虑每个领域的主要文献的当前理论和重要发现。结果，在压力和抑制性控制方面的工作中，相互矛盾的结果比比皆是，一些发现很难与当前在压力下的抑制理论相吻合。使用实验操纵的急性应力，计算认知建模以及标准和小鼠跟踪认知任务，该项目中的研究开发了一种新理论，即压力如何影响抑制性控制。分析方法不仅包括标准行为分析，还包括唾液激素分析，认知模型参数估计以及随着时间的推移而展开的细微小鼠跟踪动力学的分析。目的是促进我们对情境因素（例如压力）如何影响抑制性控制的理解，这既有助于基础科学，并可能指导开发干预措施以改善抑制性控制。该项目由感知，行动和认知以及刺激竞争性研究的既定计划共同资助（EPSCOR）。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估NSF的法定任务。