CAREER: Investigating Fluid Surface Dynamics in Constrained Geometries

职业：研究受限几何形状中的流体表面动力学

• 批准号: 2340259
• 负责人: Katharine Jensen
• 金额: $ 70.97万
• 依托单位: Williams College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-07-01 至 2029-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2340259&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Investigating; Fluid; Surface; Dynamics

Non-technical Abstract: When a pipe springs a leak, or raindrops leave streaks of droplets on a windshield, or Cheerios spontaneously clump together in a bowl of milk, we see everyday examples of the dynamics of fluid surfaces. This research project seeks to understand the fundamental science behind these dynamics and related phenomena by developing an experimental laboratory program for exploring and controlling the interactions between fluids and solid surfaces. Using high-magnification microscopes, high-speed videography, and digital image processing, the research team captures complex interactions between surface tension, viscosity, and flow speed as pipes leak, liquids break up into droplets on surfaces, and solid particles form patterns and shatter on the surfaces of fluids. By coupling the experimental observations, data analysis, and theory, this research yields novel insights into the fundamental physics of everyday phenomena that have potential applications in a range of scientific fields and industries. This project also has significant educational impact by affording dozens of undergraduate students opportunities to engage directly in cutting-edge research at a critical stage in their college careers.Technical Abstract:This research program investigates how geometric constraints—both local and global—interact with and change the dynamics of fluid surfaces and their instabilities in two main contexts. The first aim seeks to understand the fundamental physics that governs flow transitions in partially-wetting, thin fluid “leaks,” including rivulet breakup and oscillation cycles between flow start and spontaneous arrest. The second aim explores capillary-driven interactions, spontaneous pattern formation, and Marangoni-driven surface fracture on flat and curved fluid surfaces with adsorbed species from the granular to the macromolecular scale. The research team employs imaging, microscopy, and high-speed videography, and digital image analysis to quantify and understand fluid surface dynamics in custom built, tabletop experiments. Each experimental system is chosen to exemplify key aspects of the overarching research questions, unified by common experimental techniques and governing physical principles. By focusing on the interaction between fluid surface dynamics and constraining geometries in carefully chosen, complementary systems, this research program reveals new, fundamental insights into the rich interplay between surface tension, curvature, flow, jamming, and fracture on fluid surfaces.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要：当一根管子漏水，或者雨滴在挡风玻璃上留下条纹，或者麦片在一碗牛奶中自发地聚集在一起时，我们看到了流体表面动力学的日常例子。该研究项目旨在通过开发用于探索和控制流体和固体表面之间相互作用的实验室计划来了解这些动力学和相关现象背后的基础科学。使用高放大率显微镜，高速摄像和数字图像处理，研究小组捕捉表面张力，粘度和流速之间的复杂相互作用，因为管道泄漏，液体在表面上破碎成液滴，固体颗粒在流体表面形成图案并破碎。通过结合实验观察，数据分析和理论，这项研究对日常现象的基础物理学产生了新的见解，这些现象在一系列科学领域和行业中具有潜在的应用。这个项目也有显着的教育影响，提供了几十个本科生的机会，直接从事前沿研究在他们的大学生涯的关键阶段。技术摘要：这个研究计划调查几何约束如何本地和全球互动，并改变流体表面的动态和他们的不稳定性在两个主要的背景。第一个目的是了解的基本物理，管理流动过渡部分润湿，薄流体“泄漏”，包括溪流断裂和振荡周期之间的流动开始和自发逮捕。第二个目标探讨毛细驱动的相互作用，自发图案的形成，和Marangoni驱动的表面断裂平坦和弯曲的流体表面上的吸附物种从颗粒到大分子尺度。研究团队采用成像，显微镜，高速摄像和数字图像分析来量化和理解定制的桌面实验中的流体表面动力学。每个实验系统都被选择来解决总体研究问题的关键方面，并通过常见的实验技术和管理物理原理来统一。通过专注于流体表面动力学和约束几何形状之间的相互作用，在精心选择的，互补的系统，这个研究计划揭示了新的，基本的见解，表面张力，曲率，流动，堵塞，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.