CAREER: Enhancing Hurricane Resistance of Building Exteriors (Envelopes) under Urban Development in a Changing Climate

飓风期间的风力破坏对建筑物的外部可能是灾难性的（例如，玻璃立面和窗玻璃）。 建筑物外部的故障可能导致级联水入侵，广泛的内部损坏和业务中断。这种损坏造成的修理费用可能很高。高层和中层建筑的设计寿命长达数十年。在建筑物的使用寿命期间，城市化和气候变化对建筑物外部构成重大和不断变化的风险，但重大的技术障碍使这些风险无法在建筑物设计和复原力分析中得到充分考虑。该学院早期职业发展（CAREER）奖将支持专注于开发新方法的研究，以评估这些不断变化的风险，以提高飓风中建筑物外观的终身性能，并增强沿海城市社区的复原力。这些方法将被封装在一个用户友好的、基于云的在线应用程序UrbanWinds中，供工程师在新建筑的初步设计或规划阶段快速评估风荷载和建筑风险变化，并评估城市范围内建筑物库存的风险变化。通过研究和教育的整合，独特的动手和协作学习经验的初中和高中，本科和研究生的不同群体将通过便携式STEM套件设计。这项活动预计将产生下一代工程和教育专业人员谁是风力工程，国家的最先进的实验和计算建模技术，以及STEM教学技能的原则培训。该奖项将有助于美国国家科学基金会（NSF）在国家减少风暴影响计划（NWIRP）中的作用。该项目生成的数据将在NSF支持的自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）数据库（https：/www.DesignSafe-CI.org）中存档并公开提供。该项目的目标是评估气候变化中城市发展期间城市建筑围护结构（“外部”）的非静止（“演变”）飓风风险。将研究一个基于深度学习的数据驱动模型，该模型将城市建筑物上的风压作为城市发展下周围建筑群变化的函数。将进行风洞测试，为开发数据驱动模型提供风压数据。雷诺数对复杂的空气动力学负载的集群建筑物，这还没有在文献中研究，将使用大型NSF支持的NHERI风墙设施在佛罗里达国际大学进行调查。传统的完全耦合概率方法可能是不切实际的评估风向的不确定性建筑群由于显着的计算成本。由于气候变化而增加的非平稳风险带来了巨大的技术挑战。将开发一种新的基于可靠性和可靠性的方法，以捕捉飓风的非平稳特性和特定地点的风向效应。通过捕捉城市发展和气候变化对建筑围护结构造成的风险的基本非平稳特征，上述努力将共同推动建筑设计和城市复原力规划领域的发展。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Wind damage during hurricanes can be catastrophic to a building’s exterior (e.g., glass facades and windowpanes). Failure of the building exterior can lead to cascading water intrusion, extensive interior damage, and disruption to businesses. The cost of repair resulting from such damage can be significant. High- and mid-rise buildings are designed to last for decades. During a building’s lifespan, urbanization and climate change pose major and evolving risks to the building exterior, yet significant technical barriers prevent these risks from being adequately considered in building design and resilience analysis. This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award will support research that focused on developing new methodologies to assess these evolving risks to improve the lifetime performance of a building exterior in hurricanes and enhance resilience of coastal urban communities. These methodologies will be encapsulated in a user-friendly, cloud-based online application, UrbanWinds, for engineers to quickly evaluate wind loads and building risk change in preliminary design or planning stages of new buildings, and to assess changing risk of an inventory of buildings at urban scales. Through the integration of research and education, unique hands-on and collaborative learning experiences for diverse groups of middle and high school, undergraduate, and graduate students will be designed through a portable STEM kit. This activity is expected to produce next-generation engineering and education professionals who are trained in principles of wind engineering, state-of-the-art experimental and computational modeling techniques, and STEM teaching skills. This award will contribute to the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) role in the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). Data generated from this project will be archived and made publicly available in the NSF-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Data Depot (https:/www.DesignSafe-CI.org).The goal of this project is to assess the nonstationary (“evolving”) hurricane risks to urban building envelopes (“exterior”) during urban development in a changing climate. A deep learning-based data-driven model of wind pressures on urban buildings as a function of changes in surrounding building clusters under urban development will be investigated. Wind tunnel tests will be conducted to provide wind pressure data for developing the data-driven model. Reynolds number effects on complex aerodynamic loading on clustered buildings, which have not been studied in the literature, will be investigated using the large-scale NSF-supported NHERI Wall of Wind Facility at Florida International University. Traditional fully coupled probabilistic methods may be impractical to assess uncertainties of wind direction for building clusters due to significant computational costs. Adding nonstationary risks due to climate change presents an enormous technical challenge. A new reliability- and scenario-based methodology will be developed to capture the nonstationary characteristics of hurricanes and site-specific wind direction effects. Combined, the above efforts will advance the field of building design and urban resilience planning by capturing essential nonstationary characteristics of risks to building envelopes due to urban development and climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.