Spatio-Temporal Gravity-Wave-Source Variability (SV)

MS-GWaves研究小组的“震源变异性（SV）”项目的目标是了解重力波（GW）震源在塑造全球重力波分布中的作用。为此，我们将观察和建模结合起来。观察代表现实。然而，为了获得理解，我们需要一个理论，为了定量的理解，我们需要一个过程模型，它形成了我们的概念，并将根据观察结果进行测试。因此，在SV中比较了三种不同的全局分布：1.)GW源模型和GW传播模型的组合；由UA-ICON GCM和来自不同卫星的遥感观测所分辨的gw。通过将GW源模式的分布与观测资料进行对比，一方面可以确定模式的自由参数，另一方面可以评估在哪些高度、地区和季节，哪些源对GW动量通量（GWMF）和对主环流的阻力起主导作用。随着分辨率的增加，UA-ICON（参见GWING）可以分辨更多的GW光谱。这些分布是否真实，可以通过与卫星观测的比较来检验。ICON中的源可以通过将GWs回溯到潜在的源过程以及与专用源模型进行比较来识别。这使我们能够诊断出偏差的原因，并制定改进策略。特别地，重点将放在地形和自发不平衡（SI）的相互作用上：在GW-LCycle活动期间，使用肢体成像仪GLORIA进行了独特的3D温度测量。在几次研究飞行中，我们发现了两种潜在源机制的相互作用。在SV中进行的所有测量和模式的比较都将考虑到观测技术的全部观测滤波。观测滤波量化了每一种观测技术只覆盖部分波谱的影响，特别是现在的全球观测低估了GWMF，即使是在波谱的分解部分。在进行比较时，我们考虑了GWMF的平均值及其随季节、区域和海拔的变化，以及GWs的间歇性，即大、小波事件的频率分布。在ICON的所有分辨率下，我们的目标是通过分解波或通过将源耦合到传播模型MS-GWaM的参数化来真实地表示gw。MS-GWaM是在3DMSD项目中开发并集成到ICON中的。MS-GWAM的一个特别优点是能够模拟直接瞬态相互作用。

The goal of the project "Source Variability (SV)" in the MS-GWaves researchers group is to understand the role of gravity wave (GW) sources in shaping the global distribution of GWs. For this we combine observations and modeling. Observations represent reality. However, in order to gain understanding we need a theory and, for quantitative understanding, a process model which formulates our concepts and which is to be tested against the observations. Therefore in SV three different sets of global distributions are compared: 1.) a combination of GW source models and GW propagation, 2.) GWs resolved by the UA-ICON GCM and 3.) remote sensing observations from various satellites. By confronting distributions from GW source models with observations we can on the one hand determine free parameters of the models and, on the other hand, assess at which altitudes, regions and seasons which sources are dominant for GW momentum flux (GWMF) and the drag exerted on the main circulation. With increasing resolution, UA-ICON (cf. GWING) resolves a larger part of the GW spectrum. Whether these distributions are realistic, is tested by comparison versus satellite observations. Sources in ICON can be identified by tracing GWs backwards to potential source processes as well as by comparison to the dedicated source models. This allows us to diagnose the reason for deviations and to develop strategies for improvement. In particular, a focus will be on the interaction of orography and spontaneous imbalance (SI): during the GW-LCycle campaign unique 3D temperature measurments were performed with the limb imager GLORIA. In several research flights we have indication of the interplay of both potential source mechanisms. All comparisons of measurements and models performed in SV will take into account the full observational filter of the observation technique. The observational filter quantifies the effect that every observation technique covers only a part of the wave spectrum and that in particular nowadays global observations underestimate the GWMF even in the resolved part of the spectrum. When performing comparisons we consider mean values of GWMF and its variation by season, region and altitude as well as the intermittency of the GWs, that is the distribution of the frequency of large and small wave events. At all resolutions of ICON we aim at a realistic representation of GWs either by resolved waves or by a parametrization which couples sources to the propagation model MS-GWaM. MS-GWaM was developed and integrated into ICON in the project 3DMSD. A particular strength of MS-GWAM is the ability to model direct transient interaction.