Re-Imagining Computation and Storage Resources in Climate- and Weather-dedicated Cyberinfrastructures

气候模型的使用对于了解地球的未来和气候变化对局部的影响是极其重要的。然而，这些模型相当昂贵，因为它们需要数周甚至数月才能运行，并且需要大量的存储空间。该研究项目开发的新软件能够利用应用数学、统计学和机器学习的最新进展以及最先进的计算资源，节省大量的计算时间和空间。该软件被应用于风的行为，以更好地了解野火蔓延的风险。气候和天气模型是了解地球大气未来状态的基本工具，它将影响我们星球上所有尺度（城市到全球）的人类可居住性。基于模型的环境科学受到其不断增加的计算和存储成本的阻碍，即使拥有最先进的网络基础设施的研究机构也只能进行有限数量的模拟，从而导致不确定性量化不充分和不准确。本提案的主要研究目标是提出关键的方法发展，以帮助在先进的气候和天气专用网络基础设施中进行计算（使用随机偏微分方程）和存储（使用深水库计算）。这些方法将在网络基础设施上实现，用于模拟复杂地形中的大气流动。该项目由美国国家科学基金会的国家气候发现云倡议通过高级网络基础设施办公室资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The use of climate models is extremely important to understand the future of our planet and the local impacts of a changing climate. These models are however considerably expensive, as they require weeks or even months to run and a large amount of storage space. This research project develops new software that is able to save a considerable amount of computational time and space using the latest advances in applied mathematics, statistics and machine learning as well as the most advanced computational resources available. The software is applied to wind behavior to better understand the risk of wildfire spread. Climate and weather models are fundamental tools to understand the future state of the Earth's atmosphere, which will affect the human habitability of our planet at all scales (urban to global). Model-based environmental science is hampered by its ever-increasing computational and storage cost, and even research institutions with the most advanced cyberinfrastructure are able to perform only a limited number of simulations, thus leading to an inadequate and inaccurate uncertainty quantification. The main research goal of this proposal is to propose key methodological developments in order to aid computation (with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations) and storage (with deep reservoir computing) in advanced climate- and weather-dedicated cyberinfrastructures. These methods will be then implemented on a cyberinfrastructure for modeling atmospheric flows in complex terrain.This project is funded by the National Science Foundation's National Discovery Cloud for Climate initiative through the Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.