CAREER: The Development, Design, and Ethical Issues of Algorithmic Hiring Tools

该项目探索了自动化招聘平台的开发和实施，该平台在选择招聘对象时使用复杂的数学公式和人工智能。这是一个重要的问题，因为自动化招聘平台有时被发现在从特定社会群体中挑选员工时存在偏见，而且它们往往缺乏决策因素的透明度。该项目旨在了解自动化招聘平台是如何创建的，以及它们如何在就业市场中发挥作用的社会和伦理层面。这将通过调查使用自动招聘平台的公司如何使用它们，观察自动招聘平台是如何设计的，以及通过采访设计和开发这些平台的人以及人力资源专业人员和求职者来实现。该项目还将为自动招聘平台的设计和使用创建一套新的道德准则。自动招聘平台是人工智能最明显和最重要的形式之一，因为它们对招聘决策很重要，因为它们在选择标准上可能存在系统性的偏见，而且因为它们经常像设计和内部工作原理未知的“黑匣子”一样运作。这个项目将推动最近在科学和技术研究方面的研究，这些研究已经开始考虑人工智能对人机交互、社会分层和工作未来的社会和伦理影响。该项目的主要目标是：1)对使用自动招聘平台时涉及的人机交互以及它们是如何设计的提供更好的社会科学理解；2)教育公众和组织关于算法招聘工具所产生的技术能力、限制和伦理问题；以及3)促进为算法招聘工具的设计者、开发人员和消费者制定道德行为准则。这将通过包括调查、访谈、观察和文献内容分析的混合方法研究设计来实现。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project explores the development and implementation of Automated Hiring Platforms that use complex mathematical formulas and artificial intelligence when making choices about whom to hire for a job. This is an important issue because Automated Hiring Platforms have sometimes been found to be biased in their selection of employees from particular social groups and because they often lack transparency regarding the factors that go into their decisions. This project aims to understand the social and ethical dimensions of how Automated Hiring Platforms are created and how they function within the job market. This will be accomplished through surveying companies that use Automated Hiring Platforms about how they use them, observing how Automated Hiring Platforms are designed, and through interviews with those who design and develop them and with human resources professionals and job applicants. The project will also result in the creation of a new code of ethics for the design and use of Automated Hiring Platforms.Automated Hiring Platforms are among the most visible and consequential forms of artificial intelligence because of their importance for hiring decisions, because they can be systematically biased in their selection criteria, and because they often operate as 'black boxes' the design and inner workings of which are unknown. This project would advance recent research in Science and Technology Studies that has begun to consider the social and ethical implications of artificial intelligence for human-computer interaction, social stratification, and the future of work. The main goals of this project are: 1) To provide better social scientific understanding of the human-computer interactions involved in using Automated Hiring Platforms and how they are designed; 2) To educate the public and organizations about the technical capabilities, limitations, and ethical issues arising from algorithmic hiring tools; and 3) To facilitate the development of ethical codes of conducts for designers, developers and consumers of algorithmic hiring tools. This will be accomplished via a mixed-methods research design involving surveys, interviews, observations, and documentary content analysis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.