CAREER: Integrating Seascapes and Energy Flow: learning and teaching about energy, biodiversity, and ecosystem function on the frontlines of climate change.

职业：整合海景和能量流：学习和教授气候变化前沿的能源、生物多样性和生态系统功能。

• 批准号: 2418012
• 负责人: James Nelson
• 金额: $ 68.88万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2418012&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Integrating; Seascapes; Energy; Flow

Coastal marshes provide a suite of vital functions that support natural and human communities. Humans frequently take for granted and exploit these ecosystem services without fully understanding the ecological feedbacks, linkages, and interdependencies of these processes to the wider ecosystem. As demands on coastal ecosystem services have risen, marshes have experienced substantial loss due to direct and indirect impacts from human activity. The rapidly changing coastal ecosystems of Louisiana provide a natural experiment for understanding how coastal change alters ecosystem function. This project is developing new metrics and tools to assess food web variability and test hypotheses on biodiversity and ecosystem function in coastal Louisiana. The research is determining how changing habitat configuration alters the distribution of energy across the seascape in a multitrophic system. This work is engaging students from the University of Louisiana Lafayette and Dillard University in placed-based learning by immersing them in the research and local restoration efforts to address land loss and preserve critical ecosystem services. Students are developing a deeper understanding of the complex issues facing coastal regions through formal course work, directed field work, and outreach. Students are interacting with stakeholders and managers who are currently battling coastal change. Their directed research projects are documenting changes in coastal habitat and coupling this knowledge with the consequences to ecosystems and the people who depend on them. By participating in the project students are emerging with knowledge and training that is making them into informed citizens and capable stewards of the future of our coastal ecosystems, while also preparing them for careers in STEM. The project is supporting two graduate students and a post-doc.The transformation and movement of energy through a food web are key links between biodiversity and ecosystem function. A major hurdle to testing biodiversity ecosystem function theory is a limited ability to assess food web variability in space and time. This research is quantifying changing seascape structure, species diversity, and food web structure to better understand the relationship between biodiversity and energy flow through ecosystems. The project uses cutting edge tools and metrics to test hypotheses on how the distribution, abundance, and diversity of key species are altered by ecosystem change and how this affects function. The hypotheses driving the research are: 1) habitat is a more important indirect driver of trophic structure than a direct change to primary trophic pathways; and 2) horizontal and vertical diversity increases with habitat resource index. Stable isotope analysis is characterizing energy flow through the food web. Changes in horizontal and vertical diversity in a multitrophic system are being quantified using aerial surveys and field sampling. To assess the spatial and temporal change in food web resources, the project is combining results from stable isotope analysis and drone-based remote sensing technology to generate consumer specific energetic seascape maps (E-scapes) and trophic niche metrics. In combination these new metrics are providing insight into species’ responses to changing food web function across the seascape and through time.This project is jointly funded by Biological Oceanography and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

沿海沼泽提供了一套支持自然和人类社区的重要功能。人类经常想当然地利用这些生态系统服务，而没有充分理解这些过程对更广泛的生态系统的生态反馈、联系和相互依赖性。随着对沿海生态系统服务需求的增加，由于人类活动的直接和间接影响，沼泽地遭受了重大损失。路易斯安那州快速变化的沿海生态系统为了解沿海变化如何改变生态系统功能提供了一个自然实验。该项目正在开发新的衡量标准和工具，以评估路易斯安那州沿海地区食物网的变异性，并检验关于生物多样性和生态系统功能的假设。 这项研究正在确定在一个多营养系统中，不断变化的栖息地配置如何改变整个海景的能量分布。这项工作正在吸引路易斯安那州拉斐特大学和迪拉德大学的学生参与基于位置的学习，让他们沉浸在研究和当地恢复工作中，以解决土地流失问题并保护关键的生态系统服务。学生正在通过正式的课程工作，指导实地工作和推广工作，对沿海地区面临的复杂问题有更深入的了解。学生们正在与利益相关者和管理者谁是目前正在打击沿海变化。他们指导的研究项目正在记录沿海栖息地的变化，并将这些知识与生态系统和依赖它们的人的后果结合起来。通过参与该项目，学生们正在获得知识和培训，使他们成为我们沿海生态系统未来的知情公民和有能力的管理者，同时也为他们在STEM的职业生涯做好准备。该项目正在支持两名研究生和一名博士后。能量通过食物网的转化和移动是生物多样性和生态系统功能之间的关键联系。检验生物多样性生态系统功能理论的一个主要障碍是评估食物网时空变异性的能力有限。这项研究量化了不断变化的海景结构、物种多样性和食物网结构，以更好地了解生物多样性与生态系统能量流动之间的关系。该项目使用尖端工具和指标来测试生态系统变化如何改变关键物种的分布、丰度和多样性以及这如何影响功能的假设。驱动研究的假设是：1）栖息地是一个更重要的间接驱动器的营养结构比直接改变的主要营养途径;和2）水平和垂直多样性增加与栖息地资源指数。稳定同位素分析正在表征通过食物网的能量流。目前正在利用空中调查和实地取样来量化一个多营养系统中水平和垂直多样性的变化。为了评估食物网资源的空间和时间变化，该项目将稳定同位素分析和无人机遥感技术的结果结合起来，以生成针对消费者的能量海景图（E-scapes）和营养生态位指标。结合这些新的指标提供了深入了解物种的反应不断变化的食物网功能在整个海景和通过时间。这个项目是由生物海洋学和既定计划刺激竞争研究（EPSCoR）共同资助。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。