Squealing of railway block brakes. Preliminary investigations on operational squealing frequencies, shapes and design of a test rig.

从大约200年前开始，块式制动器就被用于铁路车辆。在过去的几十年中，客车汽车的块制动器已被盘式制动器广泛取代。盘式制动器的优点是较高的制动力和缺乏粗糙的车轮踏面。盘式制动器也被称为具有较低的倾向尖叫。与盘式制动器相比，块式制动器更简单，更便宜，节省空间和重量。这些特性使得块式制动器至少对于数百万辆货运汽车来说是不可或缺的。然而，噪音是当今铁路交通的主要问题之一，块式制动器以其震耳欲聋的尖叫声而闻名。该项目的目的是调查铁路块式制动器的噪声行为，特别是对尖叫声的兴趣。在第一步骤中，在货车处执行操作模态分析。在此基础上，对现有的块式制动器试验台进行了改造设计。该试验台应能够在第二步中对尖叫现象进行广泛的实验研究，并进行相应的建模。

Block brakes have been used for railway vehicles since the early beginnings about 200 years ago. In the last decades, block brakes at passenger cars have widely been replaced by disk brakes. The advantages of the disk brakes are higher brake forces and the lack of roughening of the wheel tread. Disk brakes are also known for having a lower tendency to squeal. Compared to disk brakes, block brakes are simpler, cheaper, space saving and light. These properties make block brakes indispensable at least for millions of freight cars. Nevertheless noise is one of the essential problems of today¿s railway traffic and block brakes are well known for their tendency to ear-deafening squeal. The aim of the project is to investigate railway block brakes for their noise behavior with special interest on squeal. In a first step, an operational modal analysis is performed at freight wagons. Based on this this, modifications of an existing block brake test rig are designed. This test rig should enable in a second step to perform extensive experimental investigations of the phenomenon of squeal together with a corresponding modeling.