Squealing of railway block brakes. Preliminary investigations on operational squealing frequencies, shapes and design of a test rig.

自大约200年前开始，块式制动器就被用于铁路车辆。在过去的几十年里，乘用车的块式刹车已被盘式刹车广泛取代。盘式制动器的优点是制动力更大，车轮踏面不会变粗。盘式刹车也以较低的尖叫声而闻名。与盘式刹车相比，块式刹车更简单、更便宜、节省空间、重量更轻。这些特性使得方块制动器至少对数百万辆货车来说是不可或缺的。然而，噪声是当今铁路交通的根本问题之一[S]铁路交通和闭塞制动器以其震耳欲聋的尖叫声而闻名。该项目的目的是调查铁路闭塞制动器的噪音行为，特别是对尖叫的关注。在第一步中，在货运车厢中执行运行模式分析。在此基础上，对现有的块制动试验台进行了改进设计。这个试验台应该能够在第二步中对尖叫现象进行广泛的实验研究，并建立相应的模型。

Block brakes have been used for railway vehicles since the early beginnings about 200 years ago. In the last decades, block brakes at passenger cars have widely been replaced by disk brakes. The advantages of the disk brakes are higher brake forces and the lack of roughening of the wheel tread. Disk brakes are also known for having a lower tendency to squeal. Compared to disk brakes, block brakes are simpler, cheaper, space saving and light. These properties make block brakes indispensable at least for millions of freight cars. Nevertheless noise is one of the essential problems of today¿s railway traffic and block brakes are well known for their tendency to ear-deafening squeal. The aim of the project is to investigate railway block brakes for their noise behavior with special interest on squeal. In a first step, an operational modal analysis is performed at freight wagons. Based on this this, modifications of an existing block brake test rig are designed. This test rig should enable in a second step to perform extensive experimental investigations of the phenomenon of squeal together with a corresponding modeling.